Table 1 Pooled yields among subgroups for all active TB, confirmed active TB, and LTBI

WHO Geographic regions

 AFR

3.43% (2.91–3.94, I² 97.09%)

27

1.97% (1.62–2.31, I² 94.58%)

15

44.14% (32.52–55.76, I² 99.62%)

 AMR

2.68% (1.95–3.41, I² 94.70%)

5

4.77% (2.02–7.51, I² 78.37)

6

56.74% (45.78–67.69, I² 98.31%)

 EMR

3.11% (2.33–3.90, I² 97.29%)

7

2.98% (2.13–3.82, I² 94.48%)

6

39.43% (27.23–51.62, I² 95.94%)

 EUR

2.30% (1.69–2.91)*

1

1.73% (1.05–2.83)*

2

38.44% (36.06–40.82)*

 SEAR

4.81% (3.42–6.21, I² 93.53%)

8

2.93% (1.59–4.27, I² 94.77%)

7

45.63% (26.66–64.60, I² 99.31%)

 WPR

1.17% (0.75–1.59, I² 98.58%)

10

0.94% (0.42–1.46, I² 99.04%)

6

32.58% (23.38–41.79, I² 97.90%)

World Bank income classification

 Low-income

3.00% (2.49–3.52, I² 97.70%)

21

1.97% (1.5–2.44, I² 97.04%)

13

46.89% (34.23–59.54, I² 99.67%)

 Lower middle-income

3.29% (2.74–3.84, I² 96.83%)

21

2.23% (1.69–2.76, I² 95.62%)

16

44.85% (34.57–55.13, I² 98.79%)

 Upper middle-income

2.22% (1.86–2.58, I² 97.52%)

16

1.78% (1.40–2.16, I² 96.73%)

13

39.34% (32.15–46.54, I² 98.73%)

Year started data collection

 Pre WHO guideline

2.77% (2.47–3.08, I² 97.97%)

38

1.99% (1.67%-2.31%, I² 98.34%)

39

45.22% (39.25–51.19, I² 99.40%)

 Post WHO guideline

3.08% (2.49–3.68, I² 96.33%)

20

2.10% (1.57–2.64, I² 95.09%)

3

25.80% (18.19–33.40)*

HIV status

 Positive contacts

8.95% (5.49–12.41, I² 80.53%)

5

6.71% (2.15–11.27, I² 89.11%)

0

N/A

Sputum smear status of index case

 Positive sputum smear index

8.30% (3.88–12.73, I² 85.36%)

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

MDR-TB

 Contacts of MDR-TB

4.69% (3.26–6.13, I² 94.30%)

10

3.43% (2.05–4.82, I² 90.28%)

7

37.53% (24.22–50.84, I² 95.99%)

Location of contact investigation

 Community-based

2.34% (1.96–2.72, I² 97.89%)

28

2.14% (1.72–2.55, I² 97.96%)

17

46.67% (36.86–56.49, I² 99.64%)

 Clinic-based

3.44% (2.96–3.93, I² 97.93%)

24

1.90% (1.37–2.43, I² 98.03%)

20

40.15% (32.81–47.49, I² 98.18%)