Prevalence of undetectable and suppressed viral load in HIV-infected pregnant women initiating Option B+ in Uganda: an observational study nested within a randomized controlled trial

Table 1 Proportions of pregnant women with baseline suppressed and undetectable HIV viral load by socio-demographic characteristics

Characteristics	N = 532	Column %	Suppressed VL (< 400 copies/ml)		p-value	Undetectablevl (< 20 copies/ml)		p-value
Characteristics	N = 532	Column %	n	Row%	p-value	n	Row%	p-value
Site
Urban-Kampala	395	74.2	87	22.0		19	4.8
Rural-Mityana	137	25.8	26	19.0	0.452	10	7.3	0.269
Age in years
18–24	256	48.1	57	22.3		13	5.1
25–34	238	44.8	50	21.0		14	5.9
35–44	38	7.1	6	15.8	0.314	2	5.3	0.924
Marital status
Married/co-habiting	424	79.7	89	21.0		25	5.9
Never married	85	16.0	23	27.1		4	4.7
Separated/divorced/widowed	23	4.3	1	4.4	0.483	0	0.0	0.454
Educational level
University/College/Tertiary	24	4.5	3	12.5		0	0.0
Secondary^b	257	48.3	57	22.2		15	5.8
Primary^b	228	42.9	48	21.1		13	5.7
No formal education	23	4.3	5	21.7	0.422	1	4.4	0.673
Religion
Catholic	200	37.6	46	23.0		10	5.0
Protestant	123	23.1	26	21.1		10	8.1
Moslem	109	20.5	20	18.4		6	5.5
SDA/Pentecostal/others	100	18.8	21	21.0	0.076	3	3.0	0.398
Tribe
Non-Ganda	235	44.2	55	23.4		13	5.5
Ganda	297	55.8	58	19.5	0.775	16	5.4	0.942
Gravidity
1	100	18.8	23	23.0		2	2.0
2	127	23.9	31	24.4		11	8.7
3	140	26.3	29	20.7		9	6.4
4 +	165	31.0	30	18.2	0.353	7	4.2	0.134
Disclosure to partner
Yes	213	40.0	52	24.4		13	6.1
No	302	56.8	58	19.2		16	5.3
No partner	17	3.2	3	17.7	0.424	0	0.0	0.557
Disclosure to other
Yes	201	37.8	52	25.9		15	7.5
No	331	62.2	61	18.4	0.066	14	4.2	0.111
Having any source of income^c
No	309	58.2	67	21.7		19	6.2
Yes	222	41.8	45	20.3	0.694	9	4.1	0.287
Total	532	100.0	113	21.3		29	5.5

^aAll 532 study participants included in the analysis were started on ART 30 days or less before being bled for VL count. The median number of days from ART initiation to enrolment was 4 days (Range 0–30 days, IQR: 2–6 days); the mean was 4.4 days (SD: 3.6). The 8 individuals who were inappropriately enrolled in the study are excluded from this analysis
^bPartial or completed level of education
^cOne study participant had no information on source of income

ISSN: 1471-2334