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Table 2 Complications and clinical treatments of survivors and non-survivors with COVID-19

From: Clinical characteristics and risk factors of fatal patients with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study in Wuhan, China

Indicators

Total

Survivors

Non-survivors

P value

N = 993

N = 712

N = 281

Complications

    

 ARDS

655(65.96%)

383(53.79%)

272(96.80%)

 < 0.0001*

 Acute cardiac injury

308(31.02%)

84(11.80%)

224(79.72%)

 < 0.0001*

 Heart failure

246(24.77%)

45(6.32%)

201(71.53%)

 < 0.0001*

 Acute kidney injury

167(16.82%)

31(4.35%)

136(48.40%)

 < 0.0001*

 Hyperkalaemia

150(15.11%)

38(5.34%)

112(39.86%)

 < 0.0001*

 Acidosis

105(10.57%)

42(5.90%)

63(22.42%)

 < 0.0001*

 Acute liver injury

85(8.56%)

17(2.39%)

68(24.20%)

 < 0.0001*

 Alkalosis

67(6.75%)

44(6.18%)

23(8.19%)

0.256

 DIC

58(5.84%)

4(0.56%)

54(19.22%)

 < 0.0001*

 Acute pancreatic injury

23(2.32%)

11(1.54%)

12(4.27%)

0.010*

Length of hospital stay

18(10–26)

22(15–28)

8(4–14)

 < 0.0001*

 ICU admission

    

  ICU

151(15.21%)

4(0.56%)

147(52.69%)

 < 0.0001*

  Non-ICU

842(84.79%)

708(99.44%)

134(47.31%)

 

Treatmenta

    

 Antibiotics

894(90.03%)

630(88.48%)

264(93.95%)

0.0094*

 Glucocorticoid therapy

754(75.93%)

502(70.51%)

252(89.68%)

 < 0.0001*

 Antiviral therapy

874(88.02%)

649(91.15%)

225(80.07%)

 < 0.0001*

 Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy

338(34.04%)

227(31.88%)

101(35.94%)

 < 0.0001*

 Transfusion

99(9.97%)

21(2.95%)

78(27.76%)

 < 0.0001*

 Interferon inhalation

353(35.55%)

298(41.85%)

55(19.57%)

 < 0.0001*

 High flow nasal cannula

241(24.27%)

43(6.04%)

198(70.46%)

 < 0.0001*

 Mechanical ventilation

365(36.76%)

122(17.13%)

243(86.48%)

 < 0.0001*

 Non-invasive

311(31.32%)

119(16.71%)

192(68.33%)

 < 0.0001*

 Invasive

54(5.44%)

3(0.42%)

51(18.15%)

 < 0.0001*

 Continuous renal replacement therapy

12(12.08%)

2(0.28%)

10(3.56%)

 < 0.0001*

 Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

7(0.70%)

1(0.14%)

6(2.14%)

0.0026* a

  1. COVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019; ARDS Acute respiratory distress syndrome; DIC Disseminated intravascular coagulation; ICU Intensive care unit
  2. aTreatments include antibiotics (cephalosporin, fluoroquinolones, macrolides), antiviral therapy (Lopinavir/ritonavir, ganciclovir, Riboviron, oseltamivir), transfusion (suspended red blood cells, platelets, plasma)
  3. Categorical variables were expressed as number (%). P values were calculated by Pearson χ2 test, or Fisher's exact test(a). *P < 0.05
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BMC Infectious Diseases

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