Association between CD4+ T cell counts and gut microbiota and serum cytokines levels in HIV-infected immunological non-responders

Table 2 Serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines are elevated in INRs with low CD4⁺ T cell counts

Cytokines (pg/mL)	CD4 < 200 (N = 17)	CD4 > 200 (N = 17)	P value
TNF-α	11.14 ± 1.83	9.62 ± 1.65	0.0070*
IP-10	87.54 ± 51.21	53.61 ± 31.60	0.0261*
IL-1α	39.80 ± 6.56	33.91 ± 7.26	0.0141*
MCP-1	163.20 ± 45.38	136.90 ± 42.65	0.1309
D-dimer	1337.00 ± 864.50	1218.00 ± 984.60	0.1705
sCD14	1,737,315 ± 463,779	1,617,557 ± 532,146	0.2208
TNF-β	2.02 ± 0.93	1.76 ± 0.65	0.4279
IL-1β	8.55 ± 1.93	7.94 ± 1.34	0.2313
IL-6	40,486 ± 6550	36,234 ± 7964	0.2451
CRP	2,147,413 ± 2,167,463	4,394,271 ± 3,818,065	0.0834

Data are presented as Mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated. P values were calculated using Mann–Whitney test. Red marked lines represent P < 0.05. TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IP-10 interferon gamma-inducible protein 10, IL-1α interleukin 1 alpha, MCP-1 monocyte chemotactic protein-1, sCD14 soluble cluster of differentiation 14, CRP C reactive protein
*P < 0.05

ISSN: 1471-2334