Table 2 Comparison of clinical characteristics of three types hospitalized influenza-related viral pneumonia patients
Characteristics | B (n = 59) | A (n = 138 | H7N9 (n = 18) | p-value among | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(a) | (b) | (c) | (a) and (b) | (a), (b), and (c) | |
Clinical features | |||||
 Fever | |||||
 Any no. (%) | 54 (91.5 | 23 (89.1) | 17 (94.4) | 0.62 | 0.819 |
 Maximal temperature subgroup, no (%) (°C) | |||||
  37.3–38.0 | 11 (20.4) | 12 (10.6) | 3 (18.8) | 0.046 | 0.173 |
  38.1–39.0 | 25 (46.3) | 46 (40.7) | 6 (37.5) | 0.226 | 0.734 |
  > 39.0 | 18 (33.3) | 55 (48.7) | 7 (43.8) | 0.213 | 0.174 |
 Cough | 52 (88.1) | 120 (87) | 17 (94.4) | 0.82 | 0.845 |
 Sputum production | 50 (84.7) | 106 (76.8) | 16 (88.9) | 0.209 | 0.348 |
 Shortness of breath | 29 (49.2) | 83 (60.1) | 12 (66.7) | 0.154 | 0.26 |
 Fatigue/weakness | 34 (57.6) | 67 (48.6) | 6 (33.3) | 0.243 | 0.175 |
 Myalgia | 4 (6.8) | 16 (11.6) | 1 (5.6) | 0.305 | 0.617 |
Laboratory findings | |||||
 White blood cells count/mm3, median (IQR) | 6900 (4300–12,600) | 7000 (4300–9550) | 4400 (3475–5625) | 0.407 | 0.008 |
 Subgroup, no. (%) | |||||
  > 10,000/mm3 | 17 (28.8) | 32 (23.2) | 1 (5.6) | 0.403 | 0.12 |
  < 4000/mm3 | 13 (22) | 28 (20.3) | 7 (38.9) | 0.782 | 0.224 |
 Lymphocytes count/mm3, median (IQR) | 1020 (550–1690) | 745 (448–1208) | 425 (375–625) | 0.34 | 0.001 |
 Lymphocytopenia, no. (%) | 41 (69.5) | 115 (83.3) | 18 (100) | 0.028 | 0.006 |
 Hemoglobulin—g/dL, median (IQR) | 117 (95–130) | 124 (104–139) | 117 (109.3–129) | 0.018 | 0.058 |
 Platelets count/mm3, median (IQR) | 159,000 (107,000–251,000) | 164,500 (103,300–250,000) | 139,000 (93,800–173,500) | 0.842 | 0.335 |
 Thrombocytopenia, no. (%) | 26 (44.1) | 60 (43.5) | 11 (61.1) | 0.939 | 0.361 |
 C-reactive protein > 10 mg/L, no. (%) | 46 (82.1) | 115 (83.9) | 16 (88.9) | 0.76 | 0.836 |
 Procalcitonin > 0.5 ng/mL, no. (%) | 8 (25.8) | 34 (31.8) | 8 (44.4) | 0.525 | 0.401 |
 Alanine aminotransferase > 40 U/L, no. (%) | 15 (25.9) | 50 (36.5) | 8 (44.4) | 0.15 | 0.229 |
 Aspartate aminotransferase > 40 U/L, no. (%) | 15 (25.9) | 64 (46.7) | 14 (77.8) | 0.007 | < 0.001 |
 Total bilirubin > 21 μmol/L, no. (%) | 5 (8.6) | 10 (7.3) | 0 (0) | 0.982 | 0.585 |
 Creatinine > 104 μmol/L (1.5 mg/dL), no. (%) | 12 (20.3) | 19 (13.9) | 2 (18) | 0.255 | 0.479 |
 Lactate dehydrogenase > 250 U/L, no. (%) | 26 (51) | 91 (67.9) | 17 (100) | 0.033 | 0.001 |
 Creatine kinase > 200 U/L, no. (%) | 5 (9.8) | 24 (17.9) | 13 (76.5) | 0.175 | < 0.001 |
 PaO2:FiO2 (mmHg), median (IQR) | 227.5 (173.5–302.8) | 214.1 (136.6–293.2) | 171.6 (137.5–233.3) | 0.214 | 0.118 |
 PaO2:FiO2 ≤ 300 mmHg, no. (%) | 23 (71.9) | 75 (78.1) | 16 (88.9) | 0.47 | 0.41 |
 D-dimer > 700 μg/L, no. (%) | 35 (62.5) | 104 (76.5) | 17 (94.4) | 0.049 | 0.016 |
Positive culture (blood or sputum) on presentation or during hospitalization, no. (%) | |||||
 Bacterial | 10 (21.3) | 24 (21.1) | 11 (61.1) | 0.975 | 0.002 |
 Fungal | 3 (6.4) | 18 (15.8) | 6 (33.3) | 0.107 | 0.028 |
Radiographic findings | |||||
 Computed tomography consistent with pneumonia at admission, no. (%) | |||||
 Involvement of both lungs | 52 (88.1) | 121 (87.7) | 16 (88.9) | 0.929 | 1 |
 Ground-glass opacity | 12 (20.3) | 49 (35.5) | 10 (55.6) | 0.035 | 0.012 |
 Consolidation | 29 (49.2) | 88 (63.8) | 18 (100) | 0.056 | < 0.001 |
 CURB-65 score ≥ 2 | 18 (30.5) | 38 (27.5) | 6 (33.3) | 0.672 | 0.798 |