Table 3 PICOS table

P

Refugees[40]

Asylum seekers[40]

Migrant hard-to-reach populations[41]

Living in the geographical territory of OECD[42], EU[43], EEA[45] and EU-applicant [46] countries

I

All interventions targeting to lower incidence, prevalence, transmission, or mortality of one or more of the following respiratory infections:

Upper respiratory infections

Lower respiratory infections

Included edge-cases

Separate pathogens

Sinusitis

Otitis

Stomatitis (+Herpes)

Catarrh

Laryngitis

Epiglottitis

Scarlet fever Rhinoscleroma

Nasopharyngitis

Rhinitis (+Coryza)

Diphtheria

Tonsillitis

Pharyngitis

Supraglottitis

Pneumonia

Pseudo-Croup

Pleuritis

Empyema

Tracheitis

Bronchitis

Bronchiolitis (+obstr.)

Bronchopneumonia

Pleuropneumonia

Pertussis

Abscesses:

 Mediastinal

 Peritonsillar

 Retropharyngeal

 Lung

Influenza

Mumps

Measles

Mononucleosis

Chickenpox

Haemophilus

Measles virus

Influenza virus

EBV

RSV

Mumps virus

Varicella

Adenovirus

Pasteurella

C. diphtheriae

Pneumococcus

Bordetella

Legionellosis

Aspergillosis

Blastocysts

Blastomycosis

Histoplasmosis

Mycoplasma

These interventions include strategies for outbreak prevention, any type of vaccination campaign, local health care arrangements, individual or institutional health literacy interventions pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical prevention and treatment strategies and housing interventions

C

Refugees and immigrants not (yet) having had access to the respective intervention

O

Effect of intervention measured by change of:

Incidence or prevalence of respiratory infections

Mortality of respiratory infections

Delay to diagnosis or delay to treatment of respiratory infections

Transmission and secondary case-numbers of respiratory infections

S

All controlled studies including studies with pre-test/post-test-design and non-randomised intervention studies