Variables | Total, N = 806 | Immunocompromised group, n = 370 | Immunocompetent group, n = 436 | P-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sex, female, n (%) | 290 (36.0) | 127 (34.3) | 163 (37.4) | 0.367 |
Age, median (IQR) | 62.0 (49.0–71.0) | 60.0 (49.0–68.0) | 63.0 (49.3–75.0) | 0.003 |
Symptoms and signs, n (%) | ||||
 Fever | 608 (75.4) | 276 (74.6) | 332 (76.1) | 0.610 |
 Cough | 764 (94.8) | 342 (92.4) | 422 (96.8) | 0.006 |
 Expectoration | 732 (90.8) | 322 (87.0) | 410 (94.0) | 0.001 |
 Dyspnea | 542 (67.2) | 245 (66.2) | 297 (68.1) | 0.566 |
Laboratory examination | ||||
 White blood cell, × 109/L (IQR) | 7.85 (5.62–11.34) | 8.20 (5.73–11.71) | 7.55 (5.43–10.91) | 0.086 |
 Neutrophils, ×109/L (IQR) | 6.17 (3.82–9.22) | 6.73 (4.31–9.80) | 5.52 (3.51–8.95) | 0.014 |
 Lymphocyte, ×109/L (IQR) | 0.95 (0.56–1.52) | 0.84 (0.45–1.40) | 1.03 (0.61–1.58) | 0.001 |
 Persistent lymphocytopenia | 319 (39.6) | 177 (47.8) | 142 (32.6) | < 0.001 |
 Mean hemoglobin±SD, g/L | 117.8 ± 24.5 | 110.6 ± 23.6 | 123.9 ± 23.6 | < 0.001 |
 Mean albumin±SD, g/L | 34.4 ± 6.6 | 33.5 ± 6.6 | 35.2 ± 6.5 | < 0.001 |
 Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L | 302 (217–501) | 357 (245–555) | 263 (199–454) | < 0.001 |
 Blood urea nitrogen, mmol/L | 5.95 (4.18–9.61) | 6.69 (4.61–11.62) | 5.39 (3.90–7.89) | < 0.001 |
 D-Dimer, mmol/L | 1.61 (0.69–4.32) | 2.06 (0.84–9.42) | 1.37 (0.58–3.10) | < 0.001 |
 Procalcitonin, ng/ml | 0.31 (0.17–0.82) | 0.32 (0.16–0.72) | 0.31 (0.18–0.94) | 0.372 |
 Oxygenation index | 203 (118–289) | 186 (113–289) | 209 (126–292) | 0.401 |
 Severe pneumonia index score | 78 (59–103) | 83 (62–107) | 75 (56–99) | 0.001 |
 CURB65 score > 1 | 261 (32.4) | 117 (31.6) | 144 (33.0) | 0.671 |
Underlying Diseases, n (%) | ||||
 Without underlying disease | 106 (13.2) | 0 (0) | 106 (24.3) | < 0.001 |
 Diabetes mellitus | 194 (24.1) | 103 (27.8) | 91 (20.9) | 0.021 |
 Tumor | 62 (7.7) | 41 (11.1) | 21 (4.8) | 0.001 |
 Connective tissue diseasea | 140 (17.4) | 134 (36.2) | 6 (1.4) | < 0.001 |
 Interstitial lung disease | 210 (26.1) | 165 (44.6) | 45 (10.3) | < 0.001 |
 Bronchiectasis | 28 (3.5) | 6 (1.6) | 22 (5.0) | 0.008 |
 Bronchial asthma | 17 (2.1) | 6 (1.6) | 11 (2.5) | 0.375 |
 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 85 (10.5) | 24 (6.5) | 61 (14.0) | 0.001 |
 Cirrhosis | 5 (0.6) | 5 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 0.015 |
 Leukemia | 7 (0.9) | 7 (1.9) | 0 (0) | 0.004 |
 Lymphoma | 17 (2.1) | 16 (4.3) | 1 (0.2) | < 0.001 |
 Nephrotic syndrome or chronic glomerulonephritis | 50 (6.2) | 46 (12.4) | 4 (0.9) | < 0.001 |
 Chronic renal failure | 45 (5.6) | 29 (7.8) | 16 (3.7) | 0.003 |
 After bone marrow or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation | 5 (0.6) | 5 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 0.015 |
 Solid organ transplant | 60 (7.4) | 60 (16.2) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 |
 Current smoker or ex-smoker | 287 (35.6) | 128 (34.6) | 159 (36.5) | 0.599 |
Bronchoalveolar lavage, n (%) | 609 (75.6) | 271 (73.2) | 338 (77.5) | 0.159 |
Treatment, before admission, n (%) | ||||
 Antibiotics | 665 (82.5) | 280 (75.7) | 385 (88.3) | < 0.001 |
 Antiviral drugs | 164 (20.3) | 83 (22.4) | 81 (18.6) | 0.176 |
Treatment, during hospitalization, n (%) | Â | |||
 Anti - Pseudomonas aeruginosa drugs | 627 (77.8) | 295 (79.7) | 332 (76.1) | 0.223 |
 Voriconazole or caspofungin | 288 (35.7) | 181 (48.9) | 107 (24.5) | < 0.001 |
 Ganciclovir | 254 (31.5) | 221 (59.7) | 33 (7.6) | < 0.001 |
 Trimethoprim | 207 (25.7) | 193 (52.2) | 14 (3.2) | < 0.001 |
Complications, n (%) | ||||
 Noninvasive ventilation | 146 (18.1) | 90 (24.3) | 56 (12.8) | < 0.001 |
 Invasive mechanical ventilation | 234 (29.0) | 98 (26.5) | 136 (31.2) | 0.183 |
 Mechanical ventilation | 310 (38.5) | 141 (38.1) | 169 (38.8) | 0.982 |
 Respiratory failure during admission | 397 (49.3) | 186 (50.3) | 211 (48.4) | 0.379 |
 ICU admission | 349 (43.3) | 156 (42.2) | 193 (44.3) | 0.532 |
 Septic shock during hospitalization | 170 (21.1) | 91 (24.6) | 79 (18.1) | 0.025 |
 Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation | 58 (7.2) | 24 (6.5) | 34 (7.8) | 0.922 |
 Hospital mortality | 180 (22.3) | 98 (26.5) | 82 (18.8) | 0.008 |