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Table 2 IE prevalence for steps in the flowchart

From: Proposal for the use of echocardiography in bloodstream infections due to different streptococcal species

 

Number of BSIs

Number of IE cases

IE prevalence with [95% CI]

Low-risk species, baseline

3230

41

1.3% [0.9–1.7%]

 < 3 positive BC bottles

1500

7

0.5% [0.2–1.0%]

 ≥ 3 positive BC bottles without risk factors

1585

24

1.5% [1.0–2.2%]

 ≥ 3 positive BC bottles with a risk factor

145

10

6.9% [3.4–12.3%]

Moderate-risk species, baseline

2106

136

6.5% [5.4–7.6%]

 < 3 positive BC bottles without risk factors

1163

18

1.5% [0.9–2.4%]

 < 3 positive BC bottles with a risk factor

126

11

8.7% [4.4–15.1%]

 ≥ 3 positive BC bottles without risk factors

685

66

9.6% [7.5–12.1%]

 ≥ 3 positive BC bottles with a risk factor

132

41

31.1% [23.3–39.7%]

High-risk species, baseline

556

95

17.1% [14.0–20.5%]

 < 3 positive BC bottles without risk factors

356

13

3.6% [1.9–6.0%]

 < 3 positive BC bottles with a risk factor

43

6

14.0% [5.3–27.9%]

 ≥ 3 positive BC bottles

157

76

48.4% [40.4–56.5%]

Very high-risk species, baseline

501

179

35.7% [31.5–40.1%]

  1. BC Blood culture, BSI Bloodstream infection, CI Confidence interval, IE Infective endocarditis
  2. Risk factors: native valve disease, prosthetic valve, previous IE or cardiac device