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Table 3 Sensitivity analyses examining support group attendance reported at the current and previous visit with viral suppression and ART adherence across all visits except for enrollment

From: Assessing the impact of HIV support groups on antiretroviral therapy adherence and viral suppression in the African cohort study

 

Viral suppression

ART adherence

Unadjusted OR (95% CI)

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

Unadjusted OR (95% CI)

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

Support group attendance

 No

Ref

–

Ref

–

 Yes

0.99 (0.97–1.01)

0.99 (0.97–1.01)

1.02 (1.00–1.05)

1.01 (1.00–1.03)

Study site

 Kayunga, Uganda

Ref

–

Ref

–

 South Rift Valley, Kenya

0.96 (0.95–0.98)

0.97 (0.94–0.99)

1.18 (1.14–1.21)

1.14 (1.10–1.18)

 Kisumu West, Kenya

0.97 (0.95–0.99)

0.98 (0.95–1.01)

1.11 (1.07–1.15)

1.09 (1.05–1.13)

 Mbeya, Tanzania

0.90 (0.88–0.92)

0.91 (0.88–0.94)

1.06 (1.02–1.10)

1.05 (1.01–1.10)

 Abuja & Lagos Nigeria

0.92 (0.88–0.96)

0.92 (0.87–0.96)

0.89 (0.83–0.95)

0.88 (0.82–0.94)

Age (years)

 18–29

Ref

–

Ref

–

 30–39

1.03 (1.00–1.05)

1.02 (1.00–1.05)

1.04 (1.01–1.08)

1.03 (1.00–1.07)

 40–49

1.06 (1.03–1.08)

1.06 (1.03–1.08)

1.08 (1.05–1.12)

1.06 (1.03–1.10)

 50+

1.06 (1.03–1.09)

1.06 (1.03–1.10)

1.09 (1.05–1.13)

1.06 (1.02–1.10)

Sex

 Male

Ref

–

Ref

–

 Female

1.02 (1.00–1.03)

1.03 (1.01–1.05)

1.01 (0.98–1.03)

1.01 (0.99–1.03)

Education

 None or some primary

Ref

–

Ref

–

 Primary or some secondary

0.98 (0.96–0.99)

1.00 (0.98–1.01)

1.01 (1.00–1.03)

1.01 (0.99–1.03)

 Secondary and above

0.96 (0.94–0.98)

0.99 (0.97–1.01)

1.00 (0.97–1.02)

1.01 (0.99–1.03)

Currently employed

 No

Ref

–

Ref

–

 Yes

1.02 (1.01–1.03)

1.01 (0.99–1.03)

0.94 (0.93–0.96)

1.00 (0.98–1.02)

Marital status

 Not married

Ref

–

Ref

–

 Married

1.01 (1.00–1.03)

1.01 (1.00–1.03)

1.01 (1.00–1.03)

1.01 (0.99–1.03)

Consume alcohol

 No

Ref

–

Ref

–

 Yes

0.98 (0.96–1.00)

1.00 (0.98–1.02)

0.89 (0.86–0.92)

0.90 (0.87–0.93)

ART treatment supporter

 No

Ref

–

Ref

–

 Yes

1.01 (1.00–1.02)

1.00 (0.99–1.01)

1.01 (1.00–1.03)

1.00 (0.99–1.02)

WHO stage at time of HIV diagnosis

 I

Ref

–

Ref

–

 II

0.99 (0.98–1.01)

0.99 (0.97–1.01)

0.99 (0.96–1.01)

1.00 (0.98–1.03)

 III

0.97 (0.95–0.99)

0.97 (0.94–0.99)

1.03 (1.01–1.06)

1.02 (1.00–1.05)

 IV

0.99 (0.95–1.03)

0.98 (0.94–1.03)

1.08 (1.04–1.12)

1.07 (1.03–1.10)

 Unknown

0.96 (0.89–1.04)

0.96 (0.88–1.04)

1.07 (1.01–1.12)

1.04 (0.99–1.09)

Duration on ART

  < 6 months

Ref

–

Ref

–

 6 months to < 2 years

0.99 (0.97–1.01)

0.99 (0.97–1.01)

1.02 (0.97–1.06)

1.01 (0.97–1.05)

 2 to < 4 years

1.01 (0.98–1.03)

1.00 (0.98–1.02)

1.04 (1.00–1.08)

1.02 (0.98–1.07)

 4+ years

1.00 (0.98–1.03)

0.99 (0.96–1.01)

1.08 (1.03–1.12)

1.05 (1.00–1.09)

ART regimen

 AZT/NVP/3TC

0.97 (0.94–0.99)

0.97 (0.95–0.99)

0.97 (0.94–0.99)

0.97 (0.95–0.99)

 AZT/EFV/3TC

1.00 (0.97–1.03)

1.00 (0.97–1.03)

0.97 (0.94–1.01)

0.97 (0.93–1.00)

 TDF/NVP/3TC

0.98 (0.95–1.01)

0.97 (0.95–1.00)

1.00 (0.97–1.03)

0.99 (0.96–1.02)

 PI-based

1.20 (1.15–1.26)

1.19 (1.14–1.24)

1.02 (0.98–1.05)

1.00 (0.97–1.04)

 TLE

0.99 (0.98–1.01)

0.99 (0.98–1.01)

0.98 (0.96–1.00)

1.00 (0.98–1.03)

 Other

Ref

–

Ref

–

  1. Sensitivity analyses were performed examining the association of support group attendance reported at the current and previous study visits with viral suppression and ART adherence across all visits except for enrollment, to better characterize the association between longevity of attending support groups and the outcomes of interest. Support group attendance reported at the two consecutive visits was associated with complete ART adherence in unadjusted analyses, but this association was not observed after controlling for potential confounders. No association was observed between support group attendance reported at the two consecutive visits and viral suppression in unadjusted and adjusted analyses. Statistically significant ORs and 95% CI are in bold
  2. OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval