Table 7 Odds ratios and respective 95% confidence intervals were obtained from the results of the XGBoost model
From: Factors associated with death in confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the state of Rio de Janeiro
Predictor variable and reference category | Category of interest | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Sex (reference: female) | Male | 1.029 (1.012; 1.046) | 0,001 |
Race/color (reference: white) | Asian | 0.935 (0.899; 0.973) | 0,001 |
Indigenous | 1.029 (0.857; 1.236) | 0,772 | |
Brown | 1.032 (0.996; 1.069) | 0,081 | |
Black | 1.033 (1.012; 1.054) | 0,002 | |
Missing | 1.078 (1.054; 1.102) | 0,000 | |
Respiratory diseases (reference: absence) | Presence | 0.982 (0.932; 1.033) | 0,499 |
Missing | 0.657 (0.539; 0.800) | 0,000 | |
Kidney diseases (reference: absence) | Presence | 1.011 (0.928; 1.102) | 0,815 |
Missing | 1.336 (1.300; 1.373) | 0,000 | |
Diabetes (reference: absence) | Presence | 1.176 (1.137; 1.218) | 0,000 |
Missing | 1.021 (0.992; 1.051) | 0,159 | |
Heart diseases (reference: absence) | Presence | 1.073 (1.045; 1.103) | 0,000 |
Missing | 1.006 (0.975; 1.037) | 0,717 | |
Immunodeficiency/Immunosuppression (reference: absence) | Presence | 1.007 (0.930; 1.091) | 0,874 |
Missing | 1.685 (1.639; 1.732) | 0,000 | |
Age (reference: 0 to 9 years) | 10–19 years | 1.004 (0.934; 1.078) | 0,920 |
20–29 years | 1.011 (0.953; 1.073) | 0,731 | |
30–39 years | 1.061 (1.001; 1.124) | 0,045 | |
40–49 years | 1.116 (1.053; 1.183) | 0,000 | |
50–59 years | 1.285 (1.212; 1.363) | 0,000 | |
60–69 years | 1.585 (1.491; 1.684) | 0,000 | |
70–79 years | 1.811 (1.697; 1.933) | 0,000 | |
80 years or older | 1.869 (1.744; 2.002) | 0,000 | |
Dyspnea (reference: absence) | Presence | 1.309 (1.283; 1.336) | 0,000 |
Missing | 1.411 (1.313; 1.516) | 0,000 | |
Cough (reference: absence) | Presence | 1.006 (0.989; 1.022) | 0,485 |
Missing | 1.411 (1.313; 1.516) | 0,000 | |
Fever (reference: absence) | Presence | 1.029 (1.011; 1.046) | 0,001 |
Missing | 1.019 (0.951; 1.092) | 0,606 | |
Headache (reference: absence) | Presence | 0.909 (0.888; 0.931) | 0,000 |
Missing | 0.976 (0.911; 1.045) | 0,498 | |
Sneezing (reference: absence) | Presence | 1.000 (0.905; 1.106) | 1.000 |
Missing | 1.000 (0.934; 1.071) | 1.000 | |
Odynophagia (reference: absence) | Presence | 0.933 (0.913; 0.954) | 0,000 |
Missing | 0.985 (0.919; 1.055) | 0,681 | |
Muscle pain (reference: absence) | Presence | 0.964 (0.938; 0.992) | 0,010 |
Missing | 0.985 (0.919; 1.055) | 0,681 | |
Diarrhea (reference: absence) | Presence | 0.954 (0.920; 0.989) | 0,011 |
Missing | 0.990 (0.924; 1.060) | 0,787 | |
Loss of smell (reference: absence) | Presence | 0.913 (0.887; 0.939) | 0,000 |
Missing | 0.959 (0.896; 1.027) | 0,231 | |
Loss of taste (reference: absence) | Presence | 0.976 (0.944; 1.010) | 0,159 |
Missing | 0.989 (0.923; 1.059) | 0,765 | |
Runny nose (reference: absence) | Presence | 0.955 (0.926; 0.985) | 0,004 |
Missing | 0.983 (0.918; 1.053) | 0,637 | |
Region of residence (reference: Northwest Fluminense) | Central-South Fluminense Region | 0.955 (0.893; 1.023) | 0,185 |
Costa Verde Region | 0.941 (0.883; 1.004) | 0,063 | |
Coastal Lowlands Region | 0.944 (0.893; 0.999) | 0,044 | |
Middle Paraíba Region | 1.000 (0.946; 1.056) | 1000 | |
Metropolitan Region I - Capital | 1.322 (1.263; 1.384) | 0,000 | |
Metropolitan Region I - Without Capital | 1.269 (1.209; 1.332) | 0,000 | |
Metropolitan Region II | 1.113 (1.060; 1.169) | 0,000 | |
North Fluminense Region | 0.984 (0.933; 1.038) | 0,565 | |
Mountain Region | 0.962 (0.909; 1.018) | 0,181 | |
Missing | 0.942 (0.739; 1.201) | 0,642 |