Table 2 Comparison and single logistic analysis for Characteristics of VAP and Non-VAP patients

Age, Mean ± SD

64.06 ± 16.28

64.19 ± 16.22

62.29 ± 16.98

t = 2.620

0.009

0.993 (0.988–0.998)

0.009

Gender, n(%)

χ² = 0.132

0.716

 Female

3223 (39.48)

3007 (39.43)

216 (40.22)

Ref

 Male

4940 (60.52)

4619 (60.57)

321 (59.78)

0.967 (0.809–1.156)

0.716

Ethnicity, n(%)

χ² = 15.423

0.004

 White

5902 (72.30)

5543 (72.69)

359 (66.85)

Ref

 Asian

215 (2.63)

197 (2.58)

18 (3.35)

1.411 (0.861–2.313)

0.172

 Black

563 (6.90)

515 (6.75)

48 (8.94)

1.439 (1.051–1.971)

0.023

 Hispanic/latino

298 (3.65)

285 (3.74)

13 (2.42)

0.704 (0.400–1.240)

0.225

 Other

1185 (14.52)

1086 (14.24)

99 (18.44)

1.408 (1.116–1.775)

0.004

COPD, n(%)

861 (10.55)

794 (10.41)

67 (12.48)

χ² = 2.267

0.132

1.227 (0.940–1.601)

0.133

Heart failure, n(%)

2107 (25.81)

1935 (25.37)

172 (32.03)

χ² = 11.607

< 0.001

1.386 (1.148–1.674)

< 0.001

Diabetes, n(%)

2027 (24.83)

1887 (24.74)

140 (26.07)

χ² = 0.473

0.492

1.073 (0.878–1.309)

0.492

Septicemia, n(%)

1493 (18.29)

1324 (17.36)

169 (31.47)

χ² = 66.828

< 0.001

2.186 (1.805–2.647)

< 0.001

SAPSII score, M(Q₁,Q₃)

38.00 (30.00,49.00)

38.00 (30.00,49.00)

41.00 (31.00,52.00)

Z = 3.679

< 0.001

1.009 (1.003–1.014)

0.002

SOFA score, Mean ± SD

7.128 ± 3.581

7.096 ± 3.579

7.581 ± 3.585

t = −3.040

0.002

1.037 (1.013–1.062)

0.002

Serum Lactate, M(Q₁,Q₃)

1.60 (1.10,2.60)

1.60 (1.10,2.60)

1.80 (1.20,3.00)

Z = 2.773

0.006

1.051 (1.011–1.092)

0.013

WBC, M(Q₁,Q₃)

11.60 (8.20,15.70)

11.50 (8.10,15.70)

12.00 (8.70,16.20)

Z = 2.068

0.039

1.010 (1.001–1.018)

0.022

INR, M(Q₁,Q₃)

1.30 (1.10,1.50)

1.30 (1.10,1.50)

1.20 (1.10,1.60)

Z = -1.295

0.195

1.067 (0.998–1.141)

0.059

Length of ICU stay, M(Q₁,Q₃)

3.17 (1.61,6.98)

2.99 (1.48,6.06)

12.69 (7.69,20.81)

Z = 27.865

< 0.001

1.140 (1.128–1.152)

< 0.001

Length of hospital stay, M(Q₁,Q₃)

8.52 (5.14,14.65)

8.09 (5.00,13.48)

18.79 (12.33,26.91)

Z = 21.875

< 0.001

1.046 (1.040–1.052)

< 0.001

Length of ventilation, M(Q₁,Q₃)

23.50 (8.63,87.33)

20.86 (7.85,69.67)

216.47 (114.57,351.26)

Z = 27.780

< 0.001

1.008 (1.007–1.008)

< 0.001

Antibiotic treatment, n(%)

Z = 18.883

< 0.001

 None

1266 (15.51)

1248 (16.37)

18 (3.35)

Ref

 Single antibiotic

2623 (32.13)

2610 (34.23)

13 (2.42)

0.346 (0.169–0.707)

0.004

 Combined antibiotics

4274 (52.36)

3768 (49.41)

506 (94.23)

9.311 (5.793–14.963)

< 0.001

 A.baumannii

6 (0.07)

5 (0.07)

1 (0.19)

–

0.335

2.850 (0.333–24.400)

0.339

 P.aeruginosa

67 (0.82)

53 (0.69)

14 (2.61)

–

< 0.001

3.825 (2.108–6.939)

< 0.001

 MRSA

181 (2.22)

156 (2.05)

25 (4.66)

χ² = 15.760

< 0.001

2.339 (1.519–3.602)

< 0.001

 K.pneumoniae

61 (0.75)

54 (0.71)

7 (1.30)

–

0.120

1.852 (0.839–4.090)

0.127

 MSSA

123 (1.51)

113 (1.48)

10 (1.86)

χ² = 0.489

0.484

1.262 (0.657–2.423)

0.485

 E. coli

128 (1.57)

118 (1.55)

10 (1.86)

χ² = 0.322

0.570

1.207 (0.629–2.316)

0.571

 Other pathogens

770 (9.43)

690 (9.05)

80 (14.90)

χ² = 20.094

< 0.001

1.760 (1.370–2.260)

< 0.001

90-day mortality, n(%)

2009 (24.61)

1830 (24.00)

179 (33.33)

χ² = 23.569

< 0.001

1.584 (1.314–1.909)

< 0.001

180-day mortality, n(%)

2171 (26.60)

1969 (25.82)

202 (37.62)

χ² = 35.762

< 0.001

1.732 (1.444–2.078)

< 0.001