Influenza in Malaysian adult patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia, acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma: a multicenter, active surveillance study

Table 3 Exploratory data on hospitalization outcomes according to influenza status

Variables	Total (N = 1106)	Influenza positive (N = 114)	Influenza negative (N = 992)	Univariate analysis
				OR (95% CI)	P-value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)^a	P-value
No. of days in hospital (n = 1097)
Mean no. of hospital admission (days)	7.12 ± 8.059	6.89 ± 7.707 (n = 114)	7.15 ± 8.102 (n = 983)
Prolonged hospitalization (≥6 days)	486 (44.3%)	43 (37.7%)	443 (45.1%)	0.736 (0.495–1.100)	0.136	0.766 (0.512–1.146)	0.194
Reason for ICU or HDU admission
Not known	46 (25%)	3 (20%)	43 (25.4%)	0.218 (1)	0.641	0.805 (0.275–2.359)	0.692
Known	138 (12.5%)	12 (80%)	126 (74.6%)
Respiratory failure	119 (64.7%)	10 (66.7%)	109 (64.5%)	1.101 (0.360–3.370)	0.866	1.087 (0.348–3.402)	0.886
Septicemic shock	27 (14.7%)	5 (33.3%)	22 (13%)	3.341 (1.044–10.692)	0.042*	3.957 (1.171–13.376)	0.027*
Respiratory failure and septicemic shock	5 (2.7%)	1 (6.7%)	4 (2.4%)	2.946 (0.308–28.185)	0.348	4.925 (0.448–54.017)	0.192
ICU or HDU admissions
No	922 (83.4%)	99 (86.8%)	823 (83%)	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Yes	184 (16.6%)	15 (13.2%)	169 (17%)	0.738 (0.418–1.302)	0.294	0.785 (0.443–1.392)	0.408
Death in hospital
No	1080 (97.6%)	111 (97.4%)	969 (97.7%)	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Yes	26 (2.4%)	3 (2.6%)	23 (2.3%)	1.139 (0.336–3.853)	0.835	1.138 (0.333–3.892)	0.836
Severe outcome (death in hospital or ICU/HDU admission without death)
No	912 (82.5%)	98 (86%)	814 (82.1%)	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Yes	194 (17.5%)	16 (14%)	178 (17.9%)	0.747 (0.430–1.298)	0.299	0.792 (0.453–1.384)	0.413

ISSN: 1471-2334