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Table 6 Conditional multivariate logistic regression: Risk factors of having a community-acquired or healthcare-associated urinary tract infection caused by a resistant bacterium compared with a susceptible one, by gender and class of antibiotic delivered in the previous 3 months

From: Antibiotic prescriptions and risk factors for antimicrobial resistance in patients hospitalized with urinary tract infection: a matched case-control study using the French health insurance database (SNDS)

 

Community-acquireda

Hospital-acquiredb

Men (N = 4028)

ORa [CI 95%]

Women (N = 5864)

ORa [CI 95%]

Men (N = 2284)

ORa [CI 95%]

Women (N = 1884)

ORa [CI 95%]

Antibioticsc

 No antibiotic

1

1

1

1

 Broad spectrum penicillin (BSP)

1.18 [0.96–1.44]

1.34 [1.13–1.58]

1.09 [0.85–1.41]

1.19 [0.90–1.58]

 Sulfonamide

3.11 [1.75–5.52]

1.28 [0.80–2.07]

1.37 [0.83–2.27]

0.86 [0.47–1.57]

 Cephalosporin

2.53 [1.74–3.68]

1.90 [1.47–2.45]

2.38 [1.53–3.69]

1.60 [1.03–2.47]

 Macrolide

0.96 [0.62–1.48]

1.07 [0.76–1.52]

0.66 [0.38–1.15]

1.17 [0.63–2.19]

 Quinolone

3.29 [2.46–4.39]

2.52 [1.90–3.34]

2.54 [1.78–3.61]

2.68 [1.60–4.16]

 Other antibioticsd

2.99 [1.70–5.28]

1.35 [1.04–1.75]

2.65 [1.27–5.52]

0.65 [0.37–1.12]

 Cephalosporin and BSP

3.07 [1.64–5.77]

2.66 [1.58–4.47]

3.73 [1.42–9.75]

3.20 [1.23–8.33]

 Quinolone and BSP

4.93 [2.94–8.28]

2.11 [1.28–3.46]

6.06 [3.13–11.74]

1.39 [0.75–2.59]

 Quinolone and cephalosporin

5.72 [3.08–10.61]

3.38 [1.87–6.09]

2.87 [1.32–6.23]

0.98 [0.38–2.54]

  1. Abbreviations: ORa adjusted Odd Ratio, CI 95 95% confidence interval
  2. a adjusted on surgical procedures in the last 3 months and recurrent UTIs
  3. b adjusted on stays in ICU, surgical hospital procedures in the last 3 months and recurrent UTI
  4. c antibiotic classification is presented in Table S3 of the additional file
  5. d most of “Other antibiotics” were fosfomycin and nitrofurantoins