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Table 2 Reported cases of neuroleptospirosis

From: Aseptic meningitis as the initial presentation of Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Tarassovi: two case reports and a literature review

 

Reference

Initial clinical presentation

Identified serovar (sv.)

1

Wang et al., 2016 [9]

Atypical leptospirosis: an overlooked

cause of aseptic meningitis

Persistent diffuse headache, disturbed sleep, unrelenting vomiting and persistent neck stiffness

L. santarosai sv. Shermanii

2

Panicker, Mammachan and Jayakumar, 2001 [1]

Primary neuroleptospirosis

Fever, headache, and neck stiffness

common serotypes

implicated are Caninola, Icterohaemorragiae, and Pamona

3

Özdemir et al., 2008 [10]

An discriminated aseptic meningitis case between rickettsia and leptospiral meningitis

Fever, chills, rigors, headache, and disorientation

Leptospira biflexa sv. Patoc

4

Bhatt et al., 2018 [8]

Uncommon manifestation of leptospirosis: A diagnostic challenge

Fever, diffuse dull-aching headache with generalized body aches and malaise.

Worsening of sensorium in form

of decreased responsiveness to commands, decreased verbal output and inability to move his limbs.

None

5

Chang et al., 2003 [11]

A case of primary neuroleptospirosis

Sudden onset of paraparesis, urinary retention, and numbness below his upper abdomen of 3 weeks duration.

None

6

Mathew et al., 2006 [7]

Neuroleptospirosis - Revisited: Experience from a tertiary care neurological centre from South India

Acute fever with chills and rigors, headache and vomiting, altered sensorium, acute symptomatic seizures

None

7

Saeed et al., 2018 [3]

First reported case of neuroleptospirosis complicated with Anton’s syndrome

Flu-like illness with fever, myalgia and headache, seizures, reduced consciousness

None

8

Waggoner et al., 2015 [12]

Case report: Molecular detection of leptospira in two returned travelers: Higher bacterial load in cerebrospinal fluid versus serum or plasma

Fever with chills, headaches, myalgia, nausea, vomiting, and loose stools. Stiff neck and photophobia.

None

9

Wang et al., 2012 [13]

Leptospirosis with transient paraparesis and thrombocytopenia: A case report

Fever, back pain, bilateral leg weakness, cough and general malaise

None