Central and peripheral nervous system involvement by COVID-19: a systematic review of the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, neuropathology, neuroimaging, electrophysiology, and cerebrospinal fluid findings

Table 1 Neurological conditions associated with COVID-19

Clinical conditions associated with COVID-19 affecting the central nervous system	No. of patients / Proportion
Encephalopathy	990 (60·7%)
Unspecified stroke type	416 (25·5%)
Ischemic stroke	159 (9·7%)
Hemorrhagic stroke	40 (2·4%)
Encephalitis and meningoencephalitis	19 (1·2%)
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)	4 (0·2%)
Venous sinus thrombosis	3 (0·2%)
Multiple sclerosis exacerbation	2 (0·1%)
Total	1633 (100%)
Clinical conditions associated with COVID-19 affecting the peripheral nervous system	No. of patients / Proportion
Guillain-Barré syndrome	22 (51·2%)
Other cranial nerve disorders	12 (27·9%)
Facial palsy (Bell syndrome)	5 (11·6%)
Miller-Fisher syndrome and polyneuritis cranialis	4 (9·3%)
Total	43 (100%)

ISSN: 1471-2334