Table 3 Logistic regression model of independent variables associated with SpO2 levels in patients with COVID-19

 0–19

1

 20–39

0.52

0.492

0.563

< 0.001

 40–59

0.94

0.889

1.010

0.09

 60 and over

1.51

1.422

1.616

< 0.001

 Women

1

 Men

1.15

1.124

1.181

< 0.001

 West

1

 Central, South

1.15

1.11

1.20

< 0.001

 North, East

1.66

1.622

1.712

< 0.001

Positive history of smoking

0.82

0.747

0.904

< 0.001

Positive history of opioids

1.15

1.027

1.306

0.01

Positive history of exposure to SARS-CoV-2

1.76

1.724

1.815

< 0.001

Positive chest CT findings

3.10

2.956

3.256

< 0.001

 Diabetes

0.92

0.890

0.968

< 0.001

 Hypertension

1.12

1.083

1.174

< 0.001

 CVD

0.74

0.717

0.780

< 0.001

 Cancer

0.916

0.842

0.997

0.43

 Asthma

1.03

0.933

1.154

0.49

 Chronic respiratory diseases

1.26

1.147

1.398

< 0.001

 Chronic liver diseases

0.86

0.726

1.030

0.10

 Chronic kidney diseases

0.89

0.828

0.976

0.01

 Chronic neurological diseases

1.12

0.989

1.271

0.07

 Chronic immune deficiency diseases

1.08

0.868

1.359

0.47

 Chronic haematological diseases

0.85

0.722

1.020

0.82

 HIV/AIDS

1.34

0.865

2.096

0.18

 Fever

1.40

1.370

1.444

< 0.001

 Cough

0.99

0.970

1.021

0.70

 Muscle ache

0.88

0.861

0.910

< 0.001

 Difficulty breathing

2.43

2.369

2.493

< 0.001

 Chest pain

0.99

0.926

1.067

0.87

 Loss of smell

1.00

0.915

1.107

0.89

 Loss of taste

1.07

0.949

1.215

0.26

 Loss of appetite

0.99

0.940

1.045

0.73

 Nausea

1.02

0.967

1.080

0.44

 Diarrhea

0.81

0.764

0.879

< 0.001

 Headache

0.84

0.802

0.891

< 0.001

 Vertigo

0.95

0.880

1.042

0.31

 Impaired consciousness

2.26

2.115

2.419

< 0.001

 Seizure

1.01

0.812

1.272

0.88

 Paresis

1.07

0.907

1.285

0.39

 Paraplegia

0.87

0.648

1.192

0.40

 Skin lesions

1.57

1.055

2.362

0.02

Constant

0.152

< 0.001