Table 4 Associated factors of culture-positive sputum sample of a patient with community acquired LRTI at HUCSH, 2019 (n = 406)

Sex

Male

87 (64.0)

159 (58.9)

.807(.527–1.235)

0.323

Female

49 (36.0)

111 (41.1)

1

Age (year)

18–35

64 (47.1)

171 (63.3)

3.886 (1.712–8.821)

0.001

3.856 (1.584–9.387)

0.003*

36–49

32 (23.5)

61 (22.6)

2.773 (1.151–6.677)

0.023

3.136 (1.247–7.888)

0.015*

50–64

24 (17.6)

27 (10.0)

1.636(.636–4.207)

0.307

1.717(.637–4.631)

0.285

> 65

16 (11.6)

11 (4.1)

1

Residence

Rural

62 (45.6)

119 (44.1)

1

Urban

74 (54.4)

151 (55.9)

.772(.703–1.609)

0.772

Educational status

No formal education

48 (35.3)

94 (34.8)

.703(.348–1.419)

0.326

.613(.194–1.931)

0.403

1–8 grade

53 (39.0)

88 (32.6)

.596(.296–1.199)

0.147

.427(.146–1.248)

0.120

9–12 grade

21 (15.4)

49 (18.1)

.838(.378–1.857)

0.663

.556(.188–1.646)

0.289

Diploma & above

14 (10.3)

39 (14.4)

1

Marital status

Single

24 (17.6)

80 (29.6)

1

Married

112 (82.4)

190 (70.4)

.509(.305–.850)

0.010

.450(.207–.980)

0.044^*

Occupation

Farmer

31 (22.8)

58 (21.5)

.689(.325–1.462

0.332

2.661(.841–8.413)

0.096

Government

11 (8.1)

32 (11.9)

1.072(.428–2.687)

0.882

6.303 (1.508–26.341)

0.012^*

Private

34 (25.0)

59 (21.9)

.639(.304–1.345)

0.239

2.425(.882–6.668)

0.086

Housewife

41 (30.1)

71 (26.3)

.638(.309–1.315)

0.223

2.048(.656–6.392)

0.217

Student

14 (10.3)

38 (14.1)

.884(.264–2.965)

0.842

3.192(.709–14.365)

0.131

Jobless

5 (3.7)

12 (4.4)

1

Monthly income

< 1000

38 (27.9)

88 (32.6)

.463(.097–2.215)

0.335

.461(.083–2.551)

0.375

1000–2000

26 (19.1)

53 (19.6)

.408(.083–1.997)

0.268

.443(.076–2.578)

0.365

2001–3000

44 (32.4)

74 (27.4)

.336(.070–1.606)

0.172

.310(.055–1.752)

0.185

3001–5000

17 (12.5)

35 (13.0)

.412(.081–2.091)

0.285

.265(.043–1.61)

0.150

> 5000

9 (6.6)

10 (3.7)

.222(.038–1.298)

0.095

.060(.007–.526)

0.011

No monthly income

2 (1.5)

10 (3.7)

1

Cigarette Smoking

Smoker

16 (11.8)

17 (6.3)

1

No smoker

120 (88.4)

253 (93.7)

1.984(.969–4.062)

0.061

2.274(.810–6.385)

0.119

Alcohol drinking

Yes

24 (17.6)

31 (11.5)

1

No

112 (82.4)

239 (88.5)

1.652(.927–2.945)

0.089

1.112(.468–2.642)

0.809

Crowded living condition

Yes

16 (11.8)

36 (13.3)

1

No

120 (88.2)

234 (86.7)

1.154(.615–2.164)

0.655

History of previous TB

Yes

9 (6.6)

17 (6.3)

1

No

127 (93.4)

253 (93.7)

1.055(.457–2.432)

0.901

Chronic heart disease

Yes

15 (11.0)

19 (7.0)

1

No

121 (89.0)

251 (93.0)

1.638(.804–3.334)

0.174

1.530(.688–3.401)

0.297

Previous HIV screening

Positive

13 (9.6)

13 (4.8)

1

Negative

60 (44.1)

107 (39.6)

.749(.486–1.154)

0.190

.524(.202–1.358)

0.183

Unscreened

63 (46.3)

150 (55.6)

.420(.184–.957)

0.039

1.301(.803–2.110)

0.285