Table 1 Characteristics of 383 hospitalized patients during the 2017 dengue outbreak in New Caledonia and results of the univariate analysis

 Men

109 (43.1%)

1.32 [0.86–2.02]

p = 0.23

 Women

144 (56.9%)

Reference

 < 10 years old

39 (15.4%)

0.77 [0.28–2.06]

p = 0.63

 [10–20]

50 (19.8%)

1.26 [0.55–2.98]

p = 0.68

 [20–30]

43 (17%)

2.22 [1.01–5.11]

p = 0.05

 [30–40]

40 (15.8%)

Reference

 [40–50]

26 (10.3%)

2.03 [0.83–5.11]

p = 0.17

 [50–60]

24 (9.5%)

2.06 [0.82–5.26]

p = 0.16

 [60–70]

12 (4.7%)

3.26 [1.16–9.44]

p = 0.03

 > 70

19 (7.5%)

3.10 [1.25–7.97]

p = 0.02

 Melanesian

92 (36.4%)

1.30 [0.73–2.34]

p = 0.37

 European

61 (24.1%)

Reference

 Polynesian

43 (17%)

1.40 [0.71–2.81]

p = 0.39

 Métis /Other

44 (17.3%)

1.05 [0.51–2.15]

p = 1

 Not specified

12 (9.2%)

2.23 [0.88–5.66]

p = 0.09

 Tobacco

62 (24.5%)

1.52 [0.95–2.42]

p = 0.09

 Cannabis

12 (4.7%)

1.15 [0.41–2.97]

p = 0.81

 Kava^a

10 (3.9%)

0.98 [0.29–2.89]

p = 1

 Alcohol (> 3 units/day)

4 (1.6%)

2.46 [0.62–10.56]

p = 0.17

 Obesity

52 (20.6%)

1.91 [1.18–3.07]

p = 0.08

 Diabetes

20 (7.9%)

1.41 [0.67–2.89]

p = 0.35

 Dyslipidemia

13 (5.1%)

2.22 [1.0–4.97]

p = 0.06

 Hypertension

31 (12.3%)

2.63 [1.53–4.54]

p < 0.01

 Heart disease

11 (4.3%)

1.83 [0.74–4.51]

p = 0.23

 Lung diseases

24 (9.5%)

0.55 [0.21–1.26]

p = 0.23

 Renal failure

4 (1.6%)

2.46 [0.62–10.56]

p = 0.17

 Immunodepression

5 (2%)

0.81 [0.10–3.99]

p = 1

 Cancer

8 (3.2%)

1.49 [0.47–4.46]

p = 0.57

 Risk of bleeding^b

6 (2.4%)

1.0 [0.20–3.97]

p = 1

 No medical history

142 (56.1%)

Reference

 1

59 (23.3%)

1.04 [0.58–1.80]

p = 1

 2 or more

52 (20.6%)

2.12 [1.29–3.49]

p < 0.01

 Presence of dengue IgG

68 (26.9%)

2.93 [1.83–4.75]

p < 0.001

 Presence of Zika IgG

25 (9.9%)

1.30 [0.66–2.53]

p = 0.49

 Paracetamol

203 (80.2%)

0.72 [0.44–1.20]

p = 0.24

 Corticosteroids

0

–

 NSAI

4 (1.6%)

1.00 [0.12–5.56]

p = 1

 Anticoagulants

3 (1.2%)

3.92 [0.98–19.96]

p = 0.07

 PAI

19 (7.5%)

2.10 [1.06–4.17]

p = 0.03

 Traditional medicine

46 (18.2%)

1.07 [0.62–1.83]

p = 0.89

 Fever

231 (91.3%)

0.79 [0.39–1.64]

p = 0.58

 Muscle soreness/myalgia

161 (63.6%)

1.20 [0.77–1.88]

p = 0.50

 Arthralgia

110 (43.5%)

1.26 [0.82–1.93]

p = 0.33

 Headaches

175 (69.2%)

0.87 [0.56–1.37]

p = 0.56

 Retro-orbital pain

71 (28.1%)

0.67 [0.40–1.11]

p = 0.14

 Diarrhea

85 (33.6%)

1.01 [0.64–1.58]

p = 1.0

 Nausea/vomiting

135 (53.4%)

1.15 [0.75–1.77]

p = 0.52

 Skin rash

95 (37.5%)

0.61 [0.38–0.97]

p = 0.041

 Conjunctival hyperemia

33 (13.0%)

0.44 [0.18–0.95]

p = 0.053

 Edema

8 (3.2%)

2.54 [0.96–6.90]

p = 0.071

 Gingivorrhagia

33 (13.0%)

1.59 [0.89–2.80]

p = 0.13

 Purpura

47 (18.6%)

1.37 [0.81–2.29]

p = 0.23

 Epistaxis

34 (13.4%)

1.46 [0.81–2.58]

p = 0.23

 Hematuria/blood in stools

6 (2.4%)

4.49 [1.71–13.30]

p < 0.01

 Abdominal pain

88 (34.8%)

1.56 [1.01–2.40]

p = 0.046

 Persistant vomiting

28 (11.1%)

0.97 [0.48–1.90]

p = 1.0

 Clinical liquid accumulation

11 (4.3%)

3.28 [1.50–7.50]

p < 0.01

 Mucosal bleeding

83 (32.8%)

4.12 [2.64–6.51]

p < 0.01

 Lethargy/anxiety

46 (18.2%)

1.13 [0.65–1.92]

p = 0.68

 Hepatomegaly

9 (3.6%)

1.78 [0.64–4.83]

p = 0.30

 Increase in Ht and platelet count drop

37 (14.6%)

1.83 [1.07–3.12]

p = 0.034

 Normal platelet count

175 (69.1%)

Reference

 Platelets < 30 × 10⁹/L

59 (23.3%)

4.42 [2.79–7.08]

p < 0.01

 GFR < 60 mL/min

8 (3.1%)

9.28 [4.22–22.90]

p < 0.01

 Normal AST

157 (62%)

Reference

 AST > 10 N

51 (20%)

3.01 [1.87–4.89]

p < 0.01

 Normal ALT

198 (78.3%)

Reference

 ALT > 10 N

10 (3.9%)

10.34 [5.10–22.94]

p < 0.01