Symptoms at baseline, n (%) | |
Dyspnea | 219 (73.7) |
Fever | 214 (72.1) |
Cough | 169 (56.9) |
Two symptoms | 221 (74.4) |
Three symptoms | 92 (31.0) |
Objective baseline findings and biochemistry, median (q1-q3) | |
Oxygen saturation, % (n = 285)a | 89 (85–93) |
Hemoglobin, g/dl (n = 289) | 10.7 (9.7–11.7) |
Leukocyte count, × 109/L (n = 287) | 7.2 (4.3–10.1) |
Neutrophil count, × 109/L (n = 224) | 5.0 (3.0–7.7) |
Lymphocyte count, × 109/L (n = 152)b | 0.6 (0.4–1.1) |
Albumin, g/L (n = 207) | 32 (26–36) |
Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L (n = 165) | 293 (224–390) |
Radiological findings, n (%) | |
Remarks on chest X-ray (n = 254) | 205 (80.7) |
Nodular, linear and/or patchy opacities | 219 (86.2) |
Focal infiltrates | 30 (11.8) |
Consolidations | 11 (4.33) |
Remarks on thoracic CT (n = 247) | 242 (98.0) |
Ground glass opacities | 188 (76.1) |
Thickening of interstitial septa | 69 (27.9) |
Infiltrates | 53 (21.5) |
Consolidations | 44 (17.8) |
Lymphadenopathy | 41 (16.6) |
Bronchiectasis | 18 (7.3) |
Three-in-bud sign | 16 (6.5) |
Cysts | 12 (4.9) |
Management and complications, n (%) | |
Receiving PCP-directed treatment | 261 (87.9) |
Antimicrobials for other pathogensc | 176 (59.3) |
Transferred to an ICU | 88 (29.6) |
Receiving ventilation support | 88 (29.6) |
Invasive and/or invasive and non-invasive | 50 (16.8) |
Non-invasive only | 38 (12.8) |
Developing complications | 121 (40.7) |
Respiratory failure/ARDS | 83 (27.9) |
Superinfection | 50 (16.8) |
Hemodynamic failure | 37 (12.5) |
Renal failure | 33 (11.1) |
Pneumothorax | 7 (2.4) |
Outcome, n (%) | |
In-hospital mortality | 64 (21.5) |
Cumulative all-cause mortality | |
30-days | 60 (20.2) |
90-days | 97 (32.7) |
180-days | 116 (39.1) |