Fig. 2

SEIQR model schema. The population is divided into five compartments: S (susceptible), E (exposed), I (infectious), Q (quarantined), and R (recovered). E2 is the number of exposed individuals after latent period who are pre-symptomatically infectious, β is the transmission rate, σ is the incubation rate, q is the quarantine rate, γ is the recovery rate. A fraction of newly symptomatic infections seek for medical care and are eventually documented by hospitals, where p(m| i) is the probability of an infection develops symptoms and seeks medical care, p(hosp _ diag| m)_t represents the probability that a symptomatic infectious outpatient is diagnosed as COVID-19 case by the hospital