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Table 2 Biochemical profile of participants (n = 545)

From: Asymptomatic urinary tract infections and associated risk factors in Pakistani Muslim type 2 diabetic patients

Variable

Urine Culture

Total (n = 545)

P-value

Negative

(n = 501)

Positive (n = 44)

HbA1C level; mean ± SD

8.8 ± 1.8

8.5 ± 1.51

8.8 (1.8)

0.31

HbA1C level

  < 7

57 (11.4)

6 (13.6)

63 (11.6)

0.65

  ≥ 7

444 (88.6)

38 (86.4)

482 (88.4)

eGFR

  < 45

13 (2.6)

1 (2.3)

14 (2.6)

0.89^

 45 and above

488 (97.4)

43 (97.7)

531 (97.4)

eGFR; median (IQR)

97 (35.1)

93.4 (35.8)

97 (34.6)

0.44~

ALT level; median (IQR)

32 (29.5)

27 (19.5)

32 (28.5)

0.02*~

ALT level, IU/L

 Normal (M < 45, F < 34)

304 (60.4)

32 (72.7)

336 (61.7)

 

 High (M = 45 & above, F = 34 & above)

197 (39.3)

12 (27.3)

209 (38.3)

0.12

AST level; median (IQR)

28 (15)

23 (11.8)

27 (15)

0.01*~

AST level, IU/L

 Normal (M < 35, F < 31)

339 (67.7)

33 (75.0)

372 (68.3)

0.32

 High (M = 35 & above, F = 31 & above)

162 (32.3)

11 (25.0)

173 (31.7)

  1. significant at p < 0.05. ^Fischer exact test was applied. ~Mann Whitney U test applied for non-normal data
  2. ALT Normal level: Male < 45 IU/L and Female < 34 IU/L; ALT High level Male: =45 IU/L & above, Female = 34 IU/L & above; AST Normal level: Male < 35 IU/L and Female < 31 IU/L; AST High level: Male =35 IU/L & above, Female =31 IU/L & above
  3. ALT Alanine aminotransferase, AST Aspartate aminotransferase, eGFR Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (mL/min)