Table 1 Characteristics and laboratory findings of all confirmed COVID-19 patients, and compared between those with and without pneumonia

Male gender

63 (58.9%)

18 (66.7%)

45 (56.3%)

0.342

Median age, y

38 (20–83)

51 (24–83)

32.5 (20–72)

< 0.001

 Age > 50 y

32 (29.9%)

14 (51.9%)

18 (22.5%)

0.004

Median BMI, kg/m²

23.1 (18.1–46.1)

25.0 (19.2–43.8)

22.8 (18.1–46.1)

0.007

 BMI ≥25 kg/m²

37 (34.6%)

14 (51.9%)

23 (28.8%)

0.029

 Contact confirmed COVID-19 patients

86 (80.6%)

20 (74.1%)

66 (82.5%)

0.340

 Imported patients^a

15 (14.0%)

4 (14.8%)

11 (13.8%)

0.890

 Visiting public area

6 (5.6%)

3 (11.1%)

3 (3.8%)

0.151

Presence of comorbidities

31 (29.0%)

14 (51.9%)

17 (21.3%)

0.002

 Diabetes mellitus

12 (11.2%)

7 (25.9%)

5 (6.3%)

0.005

 Hypertension

11 (10.3%)

7 (25.9%)

4 (5.0%)

0.002

 Dyslipidemia

6 (5.6%)

1 (3.7%)

5 (6.3%)

0.619

 Liver disease

4 (3.7%)

0 (0.0%)

4 (5.0%)

0.183

 Malignancy

4 (3.7%),

4 (14.8%)

0 (0.0%)

< 0.001

 Neurologic disease

3 (2.8%)

2 (7.4%)

1 (1.3%)

0.094

 Heart disease

2 (1.9%)

1 (3.7%)

1 (1.3%)

0.416

 Lung disease

2 (1.9%)

0 (0.0%)

2 (2.5%)

0.407

 Kidney disease

1 (0.9%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (1.3%)

0.559

 Fever/history of fever

83 (77.6%)

26 (96.3%)

57 (71.3%)

0.007

 Median BT, °C

37.2 (35.7–39.5)

37.5 (36.6–38.9)

37.2 (35.7–39.5)

0.053

 BT ≥37.5 °C

48 (44.8%)

18 (66.7%)

30 (37.5%)

0.008

 Cough

64 (58.9%)

20 (74.1%)

44 (55.0%)

0.080

 Sore throat

39 (36.4%)

9 (33.3%)

30 (37.5%)

0.697

 Myalgia

28 (26.2%)

5 (18.5%)

23 (28.8%)

0.296

 Rhinorrhea

24 (22.4%)

4 (14.8%)

20 (25.0%)

0.273

 Dyspnea

23 (21.5%)

15 (55.6%)

8 (10.0%)

< 0.001

 Headache

16 (15.0%)

2 (7.4%)

14 (17.5%)

0.204

 Productive sputum

12 (11.2%)

4 (14.8%)

8 (10.0%)

0.493

 Diarrhea

10 (9.3%)

4 (14.8%)

6 (7.5%)

0.259

 Desaturation^b

6 (5.6%)

6 (22.2%)

0 (0.0%)

< 0.001

 URI

61 (57.0%)

3 (11.1%)

58 (72.5%)

< 0.001

 Pneumonia

19 (17.8%)

19 (70.4%)

0 (0.0%)

< 0.001

 Acute febrile illness

18 (16.8%)

2 (7.4%)

16 (20.0%)

0.130

 Bronchitis

2 (1.9%)

2 (7.4%)

0 (0.0%)

0.014

 Acute diarrhea

1 (0.9%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (1.3%)

0.559

 Asymptomatic infection

6 (5.6%)

1 (3.7%)

5 (6.3%)

0.619

Incubation period, d

5 (1–19)

6.5 (1–15)

4 (1–19)

0.307

Time from symptom onset to admission, d

4 (0–18)

5 (1–18)

4 (0–15)

0.166

 NEWS2 score ≥ 5

10 (9.3%)

9 (33.3%)

1 (1.3%)

< 0.001

 CRB-65 score ≥ 2

5 (4.7%)

5 (18.5%)

0 (0.0%)

< 0.001

 qSOFA score ≥ 2

8 (7.5%)

7 (25.9%)

1 (1.3%)

< 0.001

Hemoglobin, g/dL

13.9 (9.5–17.4)

14.0 (9.9–17.4)

13.7 (9.5–17.4)

0.581

WBC count, /mm³

5070

5190

5035

0.331

(2040-13,180)

(3380-13,180)

(2040-11,310)

Lymphocyte count, /mm³

1559 (80–3231)

1108 (80–2569)

1752 (490–3231)

< 0.001

  < 1000/mm³

14 (13.1%)

11 (40.7%)

3 (3.8%)

< 0.001

Atypical lymphocytosis

17 (15.9%)

8 (29.6%)

9 (11.3%)

0.024

Platelet count, /mm³

217,000

191,000

221,000

0.166

(104,000-562,000)

(137,000-562,000)

(104,000-555,000)

C-reactive protein, mg/L

6.2 (0.6–350.0)

35.9 (0.6–350.0)

2.8 (0.6–41.8)

< 0.001

 CRP > 10 mg/L

49 (45.8%)

24 (88.9%)

13 (16.3%)

< 0.001

Total bilirubin, mg/dL

0.6 (0.1–2.3)

0.6 (0.1–1.3)

0.5 (0.1–2.3)

0.211

Direct bilirubin, mg/dL

0.2 (0.1–0.8)

0.3 (0.1–0.7)

0.2 (0.1–0.8)

0.076

AST, U/L

23 (9–284)

31 (16–79)

21 (9–284)

0.002

ALT, U/L

24 (7–162)

26 (10–140)

24 (7–162)

0.277

Alkaline phosphatase, U/L

64 (27–121)

66 (32–121)

64 (27–102)

0.287

Albumin, g/dL

4.3 (2.6–5.0)

4.0 (2.6–5.0)

4.3 (3.6–5.0)

< 0.001

Globulin, g/dL

3.2 (2.3–4.5)

3.6 (2.7–4.5)

3.1 (2.3–4.3)

< 0.001

Blood urea nitrogen, mg/dL

11.6 (4.0–40.3)

12.2 (4.0–40.3)

11.5 (5.4–29.2)

0.427

Creatinine, mg/dL

0.8 (0.4–2.5)

0.8 (0.4–1.6)

0.8 (0.5–2.5)

0.250