Developing and validating a risk algorithm to diagnose Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis in symptomatic Rwandan women

Wall, Kristin M.; Nyombayire, Julien; Parker, Rachel; Ingabire, Rosine; Bizimana, Jean; Mukamuyango, Jeannine; Mazzei, Amelia; Price, Matt A.; Unyuzimana, Marie Aimee; Tichacek, Amanda; Allen, Susan; Karita, Etienne

doi:10.1186/s12879-021-06073-z

Table 1 Baseline characteristics and associations with NG or CT infection in symptomatic women, Kigali (N = 468): derivation cohort

From: Developing and validating a risk algorithm to diagnose Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis in symptomatic Rwandan women

	Total (N = 468)		Either NG or CT (n = 162)		NG and CT Uninfected (n = 306)		p-value
	N	Col %	N	Row %	N	Row%	p-value
Demographics
Age
25 or younger	187	40%	86	46%	101	54%	< 0.0001
Older than 25	281	60%	76	27%	205	73%
Referrer
Radio Advert	233	50%	70	30%	163	70%	0.038
Other^a	235	50%	92	39%	143	61%
Living and Marital Status Composite
Married and Cohabiting	216	46%	57	26%	159	74%	0.001
Other	252	54%	105	42%	147	58%
Education Level
None/Primary	256	55%	75	29%	181	71%	0.008
Secondary/Higher	212	45%	87	41%	125	59%
Employment Status
Full-time employment	165	35%	43	26%	122	74%	0.004
Part-time/Student/Jobless	302	65%	119	39%	183	61%
Sexual behaviors
Number of partners in last 30 days
None or one partner	355	83%	102	29%	253	71%	< 0.0001
More than one partner	72	17%	44	61%	28	39%
Condom use during vaginal sex in the last three months
Always (or did not have vaginal sex)	30	7%	7	23%	23	77%	< 0.0001
Sometimes	123	29%	68	55%	55	45%
Never	274	64%	71	26%	203	74%
Number of days since sexual contact you suspect STI was acquired from
0–16	90	21%	42	47%	48	53%	0.006
>=17	339	79%	106	31%	233	69%
Self-reported symptoms
Genital itching
Yes	266	57%	72	27%	194	73%	<.001
No	199	43%	87	44%	112	56%
Number of days with symptoms
1–10	113	21%	48	42%	65	58%	0.029
11 or more	321	60%	100	31%	221	69%
HIV and Other STI Results
HIV Status
Positive	59	13%	29	49%	30	51%	0.012
Negative	409	87%	133	33%	276	67%
RPR Result
Positive (1, 11 or greater)	39	8%	23	59%	16	41%	0.001
Negative	423	92%	138	33%	285	67%
Candida
Positive	106	23%	17	16%	89	84%	< 0.0001
Negative	348	77%	138	40%	210	60%
BV
Positive	96	21%	49	51%	47	49%	< 0.0001
Negative	355	79%	104	29%	251	71%
Physical exam
Vaginal Inflammation or Discharge
Yes	398	92%	129	32%	269	68%	0.014
No	36	8%	19	53%	17	47%
Endocervical Inflammation or Discharge
Yes	230	53%	96	42%	134	58%	0.001
No	202	47%	52	26%	150	74%

^aHeard from Friends/Walk-in/Pharmacy/Other/Invitation/Contact Partner/Internet
Not associated, not tabled: number of children under 18, number of additional children desired, pregnancy status, wanting more children in the next two years, family planning method, burning sensations when passing urine, genital ulcer, dyspareunia, unpleasant odor, lower abdominal pain, trichomonas, genital ulcer
CT Chlamydia trachomatis, NG Neisseria gonorrhoeae, SD standard deviation, STI sexually transmitted infection, RPR rapid plasma reagin, BV bacterial vaginosis

Back to article page

ISSN: 1471-2334

Contact us

Submission enquiries: bmcinfectiousdiseases@biomedcentral.com
General enquiries: ORSupport@springernature.com

BMC Infectious Diseases

Contact us