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Table 3 Unconditional logistic regression analysis of child, parental, domestic and environmental characteristics associated with S. aureus colonisation in Cape Town participants

From: Molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus in African children from rural and urban communities with atopic dermatitis

Explanatory variable

Colonised a, n (%)

Not colonised, n (%)

OR [95% CI]

p-value

AD: case

30 (41)

13 (18)

4.2 [1.57–11.2]

0.004

Sex: male

19 (26)

19 (25)

0.74 [0.33–1.67]

0.469

Child characteristics

 Breastfeeding

6 (8)

3 (4)

1.71 [0.39–7.45]

0.472

Atopic dermatitis

 Allergic rhinitis

1 (1)

0 (0)

Omitted d

 

 Asthma §

1 (1)

0 (0)

Omitted d

 

 Food allergy

6 (8)

3 (4)

1.71 [0.39–7.45]

0.472

Mode of delivery: vaginal

22 (31)

17 (24)

0.95 [0.37–2.43]

0.921

Incomplete immunisation status

8 (11)

2 (3)

3.76 [0.74–19.09]

0.11

Antibiotic exposure

31 (42)

23 (31)

1.35 [0.48–3.77]

0.57

Large family size b

9 (12)

8 (11)

0.88 [0.3–2.61]

0.816

Animal exposure c

1 (1)

1 (1)

0.86 [0.05–14.3]

0.915

Fossil fuel exposure

 Electricity + gas

36 (54)

30 (45)

Omitted d

 

 Kerosene + paraffin

20 (30)

23 (34)

0.43 [0.15–1.23]

0.116

 Indoor fire

0 (0)

0 (0)

Omitted d

 

 Outdoor fire

0 (0)

0 (0)

Omitted d

 

 Wood + coal

0 (0)

0 (0)

Omitted d

 

Maternal factors

 Allergic rhinitis

0 (0)

5 (7)

Omitted d

 

 Asthma

3 (4)

3 (4)

0.76 [0.14–4.06]

0.751

 Atopic dermatitis

1 (1)

2 (3)

0.38 [0.03–4.33]

0.432

 Food allergy

1/73

0 (0)

Omitted d

 

 Smoking

3 (4)

1 (1)

2.65 [0.26–26.82]

0.41

 Pregnant smoker

2 (3)

1 (1)

1.76 [0.15–20.45]

0.65

 Animal exposure c

3 (5)

1 (2)

2.64 [0.26–26.76]

0.412

Paternal factors

 Allergic rhinitis §

5 (7)

2 (3)

2.08 [0.38–11.52]

0.4

 Asthma §

0 (0)

0 (0)

Omitted d

 

 Atopic dermatitis §

2 (3)

0 (0)

Omitted d

 

 Food allergy §

1 (1)

0 (0)

Omitted d

 

 Smoking

13 (20)

7 (11)

1.86 [0.62–5.54]

0.267

  1. AD atopic dermatitis, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval; § No within group variance; a Colonisation with Staphylococcus aureus. b Large family size is arbitrarily defined by more than 6 members within a household; c Animal exposure refers to exposure to farm animals; d Independent variables omitted due to dependency in the regression model