Table 1 Baseline characteristics according to 90-day readmission in septic patients

Female gender; n(%)^a

105 (44.3)

187 (44.0)

0.3(÷7.5–8.2)

Age; median years (IQR)^a

74.9 (64.7–83.9)

74.8 (66.6–84.4)

0.1(÷1.9–2.3)

  0

46 (19.4)

125 (29.4)

10.0 (3.4–16.6)

  1–2

108 (45.6)

210 (49.4)

3.8(÷11.7–4.1)

  3 + ^b

83 (35.0)

90 (21.2)

13.8 (6.6–21.0)

   Heart failure^a

39 (16.5)

63 (14.8)

1.7(÷4.1–7.5)

   Myocardial infarction/Ischemic heart disease^a

33 (13.9)

53 (12.5)

1.4(÷4.0–6.8)

   Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease^a

64 (27.0)

96 (22.6)

4.4(÷2.5–11.3)

   Malignant disease^b,c

47 (19.8)

47 (11.0)

8.8 (2.9–14.9)

   Diabetes^a,d

55 (23.2)

85 (20.0)

3.2(÷3.4–9.8)

   Kidney disease^a,e

24 (10.1)

33 (7.8)

2.3(÷2.3–6.9)

   Liver disease^a,f

3 (1.3)

10 (2.4)

1.1(÷1.1–3.3)

   Cerebrovascular disease^a,g

49 (20.7)

75 (17.7)

3.0(÷3.3–9.3)

   Hypertension^a

89 (37.6)

154 (36.2)

1.4(÷6.2–9.1)

 History of sepsis within last year before admission; n(%)^b

87 (36.7)

106 (24.9)

11.8 (4.4–19.2)

 Length of stay; days (IQR)^a

7 (4–10)

6 (3–9)

1(÷1–0)

 None, n(%)^a

175 (73.8)

323 (76.0)

2.2(÷9.1–4.7)

 New-onset atrial fibrillation; n(%)^a

9 (3.8)

23 (5.4)

1.6(÷4.8–1.7)

 History of atrial fibrillation; n(%)^a

53 (22.4)

79 (18.6)

3.8(÷2.7–10.3)

 Total SOFA score (IQR)^a

3 (2–4)

3 (2–3)

0

 Systolic blood pressure; mmHg, median (IQR)^a,h

122 (105–144)

126 (109–147)

3(÷1–8)

 Systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg, n(%)^a

13 (5.6)

20 (4.8)

0.8(÷2.8–4.4)

 Respiratory rate; min⁻¹, median (IQR)^a

20 (17–24)

20 (18–24)

0

 Heart rate; min⁻¹, median (IQR)^a

90 (80–105)

93 (77–109)

2(÷2–5)

 O₂-Saturation; %, median (IQR)^a

95 (92–97)

95 (93–97)

0

 Core temperature; ^oCelcius, median (IQR)^a,i

37.2 (36.6–38.0)

37.4 (36.7–38.4)

0.2 (0–0.4)

 Altered mental state; n (%)^a

62 (26.2)

117 (27.5)

1.3(÷8.3–5.7)

 qSOFA score ≥ 2 on admission; n(%)^a

48 (20.3)

78 (18.4)

1.9(÷4.4–8.2)

 SIRS criteria ≥2 on admission, n(%)^a

131 (55.3)

263 (61.9)

6.6(÷1.2–14.4)

 CRP; median (IQR)^b

65 (23–123)

82 (24–160)

10.9 (1.0–21.9)

 White blood cell count ×10⁹/L, median (IQR)^a

12.1 (8.9–16.1)

11.6 (8.6–16.6)

0.1(÷1.0–0.8)

 Creatinine, μmol/L, median (IQR)^a

115 (80–178)

113 (75–168)

5.0(÷15.0–4.0)

 Bilirubin, mmol/L, median (IQR)^a

10 (7–16)

10 (7–18)

1 (0–2)

 Platelets, ×10⁹/L, median (IQR)^a

216 (153–288)

205 (144–283)

10(÷26–5)

 Lactate; mmol/L, median (IQR)^a,j

1.2 (0.8–2.0)

1.3 (0.9–2.1)

0.1(÷0.1–0.2)

 Glucose, mmol/L, median (IQR)^b

6.8 (5.9–8.2)

7.3 (6.0–8.9)

0.4 (0.1–0.7)

Admission to intensive care unit, n (%)^a

24 (10.1)

56 (13.2)

3.1(÷8.1–1.9)

 Vasopressor, n (%)^b

1 (0.4)

10 (2.4)

2.0 (0.3–3.7)

 Mechanical ventilation, n (%)^a

8 (3.4)

23 (5.4)

2.0(÷1.2–5.2)

 Dialysis, n (%)^a

1 (0.4)

2 (0.5)

0.1(÷1.1–0.9)

Positive blood cultures, n (%)^a,k

18 (12.6)

38 (14.1)

1.5(÷6.8–3.9)

 Pulmonary, n (%)^a

137 (57.8)

252 (59.3)

1.5(÷9.3–6.3)

 Urine, n (%)^a

47 (19.8)

101 (23.8)

4.0(÷10.5–2.5)

 Abdominal, n (%)^a

26 (11.0)

40 (9.4)

1.6(÷3.3–6.5)

 Skin, n(%)^a

19 (8.0)

26 (6.1)

1.9(÷2.2–6.0)

 Endocarditis, n(%)^a

1 (0.4)

1 (0.2)

0.2(÷0.7–1.1)

 Central nervous system, n (%)^a

1 (0.4)

3 (0.7)

0.3(÷1.4–0.8)

 Facial/teeth, n(%)^a

1 (0.4)

1 (0.2)

1.9(÷2.2–6.0)

 Devices/implants

0

0

–

 Others, n(%)^a

3 (1.3)

0

1.3(÷0.1–2.7)

 Unknown, n(%)^a

19 (8.0)

35 (8.2)

0.2(÷4.5–4.1)

  > 1 focus, n(%)^a

18 (7.6)

33 (7.8)

0.2(÷4.4–4.0)