Table 2 Infection characteristics and antibiotic treatmenta
|  | Excluded from randomized controlled trial (N = 295) | Included in randomized controlled trial (N = 406) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Infection characteristics | |||
 Acquisition of infection in the intensive care unit | 67 (22.7%) | 124 (30.5%) | 0.022 |
 Pathogen | |||
  Acinetobacter baumannii | 236 (80%) | 312 (76.8%) | 0.318 |
  Enterobacterales | 35 (11.9%) | 73 (18%) | 0.027 |
  Pseudomonas/other | 24 (8.1%) | 21 (5.2%) | 0.114 |
 Type of infection | |||
  Bacteraemia | 109 (36.9%) | 173 (42.6%) | 0.131 |
  Ventilator-associated or hospital-acquired pneumonia | 140 (47.5%) | 182 (44.8%) | 0.490 |
  Probable ventilator-associated pneumonia | 14 (4.7%) | 25 (6.2%) | 0.421 |
  Urinary tract infection | 32 (10.8%) | 26 (6.4%) | 0.035 |
 Colistin MIC distribution > 0.5 mg/L | 18 (7.7%), n = 233 | 85 (24.3%), n = 350 | 0.000 |
Antibiotic treatment | Â | Â | 0.000 |
 Colistin | 113 (68.1%), n = 166 | 198 (48.8%) |  |
 Colistin and meropenem | 53 (31.9%), n = 166 | 208 (51.2%) |  |
 Colistin loading dose | 122 (73.5%), n = 166 | 376 (92.6%) | 0.000 |
 Treatment days in patients alive ≥14 days, median (Percentiles 25–75) | 8.5 (0–15), n = 200 | 13 (10–16), n = 273 | 0.000 |
Mean colistin maintenance dose per day, million units (percentiles 25–75) | |||
 Creatinine clearance< 50 ml/min | 4.2 (2.1–6.0) | 4.0 (3.0–6.0) | 0.629 |
 Creatinine clearance≥50 ml/min | 8.6 (5.8–9.0) | 8.5 (7.0–9.0) | 0.239 |