Table 1 Baseline characteristics and clinical outcome of hemorrhagic fever renal syndrome patients with and without acute pancreatitis
Case (n = 29) | Control (n = 317) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, year (mean ± SD) | 44.4 ± 16.4 | 46.2 ± 17.3 | 0.63 |
Male sex | 19 (65.5%) | 236 (74.4%) | 0.32 |
Smoker | 11 (37.9%) | 132 (41.6%) | 0.02 |
Alcoholics | 9 (31.0%) | 40 (12.6%) | 0.03 |
Comorbidities | |||
No comorbidities | 14 (48.3%) | 185 (58.4%) | 0.33 |
Cardiovascular disease | 6 (20.7%) | 39 (12.3%) | 0.24 |
Diabetes | 2 (6.9%) | 23 (7.3%) | > 0.99 |
Chronic liver disease | 2 (6.9%) | 22 (6.9%) | > 0.99 |
Biliary tract disease | 3 (10.3%) | 8 (2.5%) | 0.06 |
Chronic respiratory disease | 2 (6.9%) | 9 (2.8%) | 0.23 |
Pregnancy | 1 (3.5%) | 4 (1.3%) | 0.36 |
Chronic renal disease | 0 (0) | 4 (1.3%) | > 0.99 |
Solid tumor | 0 (0) | 2 (0.6%) | > 0.99 |
Others | 2 (6.9%) | 37 (11.7%) | 0.76 |
Days from symptom onset to hospitalization, d (mean ± SD) | 4.6 ± 2.6 | 6.4 ± 5.4 | 0.02 |
Presenting symptoms | |||
Fever | 24 (82.8%) | 278 (87.7%) | 0.39 |
Back/Flank pain | 14 (48.3%) | 199 (62.8%) | 0.16 |
Gastrointestinal symptoms | 20 (69.0%) | 98 (30.9%) | < 0.01 |
Nausea/vomiting | 2 (6.9%) | 11 (3.5%) | 0.30 |
Abdominal pain | 8 (27.6%) | 37 (11.7%) | 0.04 |
Diarrhea | 7 (24.1%) | 41 (12.9%) | 0.09 |
Abdominal distention | 3 (10.3%) | 9 (2.8%) | 0.06 |
Shock | 5 (17.2%) | 28 (8.8%) | 0.18 |
Treatment | |||
Antibiotic therapy (mean ± SD) | 1.7 ± 1.2 | 0.7 ± 0.8 | 0.01 |
ICU admission | 13 (44.8%) | 12 (3.8%) | < 0.01 |
ICU-free days at day 28, d (mean ± SD) | 19.1 ± 10.2 | 27.1 ± 4.8 | < 0.01 |
RRT | 17 (58.6%) | 69 (21.8%) | < 0.01 |
RRT-free days at day 28, d (mean ± SD) | 18.6 ± 11.4 | 25.2 ± 6.5 | < 0.01 |
Mechanical ventilation | 9 (31.0%) | 8 (2.5%) | < 0.01 |
Ventilator-free days at day 28, d (mean ± SD) | 21.3 ± 11.5 | 27.4 ± 4.1 | < 0.01 |
Clinical outcome | |||
90-day mortality | 7 (24.1%) | 7 (2.2%) | < 0.01 |
Hospital-free days at day 28, d (mean ± SD) | 8.6 ± 8.4 | 16.4 ± 6.6 | 0.005 |