Patients with infective endocarditis and history of injection drug use in a Swedish referral hospital during 10 years

Table 2 Aetiology obtained from blood- and valve culture among patients with IDU-IE and non-IDU-IE

	IDU-IE	Non-IDU-IE	P value
Blood culture results^a (n (%))	144 (87)	336 (94)	< 0.01
Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)	110 (67)	116 (32)	< 0.01
Enterococcus faecalis	14 (8)	34 (10)	0.70
Viridans group streptococci	9 (5)	94 (26)	< 0.01
S. aureus (MRSA)	3 (2)	3 (1)	0.39
Bacillus cereus	3 (2)	0 (0)	–
CoNS	2 (1)	22 (6)	0.01
Group A streptococci	1 (1)	1 (0)	0.53
Group B streptococci	0 (0	11 (3)	–
Group G streptococci	1 (1)	6 (2)	0.44
Klebsiella spp	1 (1)	0 (0)	–
Candida spp.	0 (0)	1 (0)	–
Unspecified funghi	1 (1)	1 (0)	0.53
Polymicrobial blood cultures	11 (7)	7 (2)	< 0.01
MSSA and E. faecalis	4 (2)	0 (0)	–
E. faecalis and unspecified funghi	1 (1)	0 (0)	–
MSSA and aerobic gramnegative stave	1 (1)	0 (0)	–
MSSA and candida	1 (1)	0 (0)	–
MSSA and group G streptococci	1 (1)	0 (0)	–
MSSA and unspecified funghi	1 (1)	0 (0)	–
MSSA and viridans group streptococci	1 (1)	1 (0)	0.53
Viridans group streptococci and CoNS	1 (1)	0 (0)	–
Blood culture negative	8 (5)	19 (5)	0.82
Bacteria in valve culture from cardiac surgery	9 (5)	17 (5)	0.73
Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)	5 (3)	7 (2)	0.53
Unspecified funghi	2 (1)	1 (0)	–
CoNS	1 (1)	2 (1)	1.00
Enterococcus faecalis	1 (1)	2 (1)	1.00

^a Single bacteria in blood culture. All patients in the IDU-IE group with positive valve culture had positive blood culture. Two of the patients in the non-IDU-IE group with positive valve culture had negative blood cultures. Of the patients with positive valve culture in the IDU-IE group, one had bacteria that differed between blood culture (MSSA) and valve culture (unspecified funghi). Of the patients with positive valve culture in the non-IDU-IE group, one had bacteria that differed between blood culture (MSSA) and valve culture (viridans group streptococci). Abbreviations: CoNS coagulase negative staphylococci; E enterococcus; IDU injection drug use; IE infective endocarditis; MRSA methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; MSSA methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus; n number of patients; PCR polymerase chain reaction; S staphylococcus; spp. species

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