Table 3 Laboratory and radiologic findings of included patients

 White blood cell count, median (IQR), × 10⁹/L

6·7 (5·0–9·6)

5·0 (4·0–6·1)

4·9 (4·0–6·0)

5·3 (4·5–7·4)

0·054

  > 10×  10⁹/L, No·/total (%)

3/13 (23·1)

9/145 (6·2)

4/120 (3·3)

5/25 (20·0)

0·0070

  < 4× 10⁹/L, No·/total (%)

2/13 (15·4)

18/145 (12·4)

15/120 (12·5)

3/25 (12·0)

>  0·99

 Lymphocyte count, median (IQR), × 10⁹/L

1·00 (0·80–1·20)

1·14 (0·90–1·60)

1·20 (1·00–1·70)

0·80 (0·50–1·00)

<  0·0001

  < 1·1×  10⁹/L, No·/total (%)

6/11 (54·5)

71/143 (49·7)

52/119 (43·7)

19/24 (79·2)

0·0030

 Eosinophils count, median (IQR), × 10⁹/L

0·02 (0·00–0·05)

0·01 (0·00–0·05)

0·02 (0–0·05)

0·00 (0·00–0·01)

0·0030

  <  0·02×  10⁹/L, No·/total (%)

6/11 (54·5)

81/133 (60·9)

65/114 (57·0)

16/19 (84·2)

0·046

 Haemoglobin, median (IQR), g/L

133 (125–151)

142 (127–156)

144 (128–155)

142 (124–157)

0·87

  < 130 g/L, No·/total (%)

6/13 (46·2)

42/143 (29·4)

34/118 (28·8)

8/25 (32·0)

0·94

 International normalised ratio, median (IQR)

1·05 (0·97–1·08)

1·04 (0·97–1·13)

1·03 (0·97–1·13)

1·04 (1·00–1·11)

0·58

  > 1·26, No·/total (%)

0/7 (0·0)

6/125 (4·8)

6/108 (5·6)

0/17 (0·0)

>  0·99^*

 D-dimer, median (IQR), μg/L

390 (280–430)

195 (93–403)

175 (90–368)

414 (163–930)

0·025

  > 550 μg/L, No·/total (%)

1/5 (20·0)

22/122 (18·0)

16/104 (15·4)

6/18 (33·3)

0·13

 Albumin, median (IQR), g/L

41·2 (34·7–45·1)

43·7 (40·9–46·1)

44·2 (42·1–46·9)

38·2 (35·3–43·8)

<  0·0001

  < 35 g/L, No·/total (%)

3/12 (25·0)

7/136 (5·2)

2/114 (1·6)

5/22 (22·7)

<  0·0001

 Alanine aminotransferase, median (IQR), U/L

22 (15–25)

26 (17–46)

26 (17–46)

29 (21–41)

0·46

  > 50 U/L, No·/total (%)

0/10 (0·0)

26/136 (19·1)

21/116 (18·1)

5/20 (25·0)

0·68

 Aspartate aminotransferase, median (IQR), U/L

24 (22–30)

26 (20–35)

26 (20–36)

25 (21–34)

0·64

  > 40 U/L, No·/total (%)

0/8 (0·0)

18/108 (16·7)

15/91 (16·5)

3/17 (17·6)

>  0·99^*

 Total bilirubin, median (IQR), μmol/L

9·7 (6·0–18·0)

10·5 (7·0–16·9)

10·8 (7·0–16·5)

8·7 (7·0–18·3)

0·94

  > 28 μmol/L, No·/total (%)

1/12 (8·3)

9/135 (6·7)

7/116 (6·3)

2/19 (10·5)

0·81

 Direct bilirubin, median (IQR), μmol/L

3·9 (2·8–7·3)

4·0 (2·7–5·8)

3·9 (2·6–5·4)

4·0 (3·0–6·7)

0·30

  > 10 μmol/L, No·/total (%)

2/12 (16·7)

9/135 (6·7)

7/116 (6·0)

2/19 (10·5)

0·82

 Serum creatinine, median (IQR), μmol/L

80·5 (69·3–89·3)

74·3 (59·7–83·5)

72·5 (59·0–83·5)

76·2 (63·8–83·5)

0·57

  > 106 μmol/L, No·/total (%)

1/12 (8·3)

5/132 (3·8)

4/112 (3·8)

1/20 (5·0)

0·57^*

 Troponin T, median (IQR), pg/mL

3·00 (1·10–47·12)

3·00 (0·03–9·7)

3·00 (0·03–9·15)

6·13 (0·23–13·40)

0·23

  > 14 pg/mL, No·/total (%)

3/7 (42·9)

8/80 (10·0)

5/67 (7·5)

3/13 (23·1)

0·23

 Procalcitonin, median (IQR), ng/mL

0·04 (0·03–0·21)

0·05 (0·03–0·06)

0·05 (0·03–0·06)

0·05 (0·02–0·08)

0·56

  >  0·05 ng/mL, No·/total (%)

4/13 (30·8)

45/128 (35·2)

36/107 (33·6)

9/21 (42·9)

0·58

 Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, median (IQR), mm/h

27 (21–51)

22 (10–36)

21 (10–33)

23 (7–44)

0·77

  > 15 mm/h, No·/total (%)

9/11 (81·8)

64/102 (62·7)

54/88 (61·4)

10/14 (71·4)

0·67

 C-reactive protein, median (IQR), mg/L

7·6 (0·9–31·8)

7·2 (2·0–24·2)

5·7 (1·9–15·6)

31·7 (14·2–54·2)

< 0·0001

 Procalcitonin, median (IQR), ng/mL

0·04 (0·03–0·21)

0·05 (0·03–0·06)

0·05 (0·03–0·06)

0·05 (0·02–0·08)

0·56

  >  0·05 ng/mL, No·/total (%)

4/13 (30·8)

45/128 (35·2)

36/107 (33·6)

9/21 (42·9)

0·58

 Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, median (IQR), mm/h

27 (21–51)

22 (10–36)

21 (10–33)

23 (7–44)

0·77

  > 15 mm/h, No·/total (%)

9/11 (81·8)

64/102 (62·7)

54/88 (61·4)

10/14 (71·4)

0·67

 C-reactive protein, median (IQR), mg/L

7·6 (0·9–31·8)

7·2 (2·0–24·2)

5·7 (1·9–15·6)

31·7 (14·2–54·2)

< 0·0001

  > 5 mg/L, No·/total (%)

6/12 (50·0)

62/122 (50·8)

44/102 (43·1)

18/20 (90·0)

< 0·0001

  Increased, No·/total (%)

2/11 (18·2)

7/91 (7·7)

6/79 (7·6)

1/12 (8·3)

>  0·99^*

 Gamma-glutamyltran sferase, median (IQR), U/L

20 (18–34)

30 (17–57)

29 (16–46)

33 (17–73)

0·350

 Lactate dehydrogenase, median (IQR), U/L

245 (179–276)

187 (167–233)

184 (163–227)

229 (190–400)

0·015

 Potassium, median (IQR), mmol/L

4·2 (3·8–4·3)

3·8 (3·6–4·1)

3·8 (3·6–4·1)

3·8 (3·4–4·1)

0·86

 Sodium, median (IQR), mmol/L

140 (136–142)

139 (136–141)

139 (137–141)

137 (135–139)

0·011

 Abnormalities at first examination, No./total (%)

13/14 (92·9)

113/129 (87·6)

94/109 (86·2)

19/20 (95·0)

0·47

  Bilateral pneumonia

10/14 (71·4)

87/129 (67·4)

68/109 (62·4)

19/20 (95·0)

0·0090

  Unilateral pneumonia

3/14 (21·4)

26/129 (20·2)

26/109 (23·9)

0/20 (0·0)

0·032

  Ground-glass opacity

6/14 (42·9)

89/129 (69·0)

73/109 (67·0)

16/20 (80·0)

0·37

  Patchy or stripes shadowing

10/14 (71·4)

89/129 (69·0)

75/109 (68·8)

14/20 (70·0)

>  0·99^*

  Parenchymal abnormalities

2/14 (14·3)

21/129 (16·3)

16/109 (14·7)

5/20 (25·0)

0·41

  Pleural effusion

0/14 (0·0)

5/129 (3·9)

2/109 (1·8)

3/20 (15·0)

0·026^*

Abnormalities during hospitalization, No./total (%)

13/14 (92·9)

118/132 (89·4)

98/112 (87·5)

20/20 (100·0)

0·20

  Bilateral pneumonia

11/14 (78·6)

101/132 (76·5)

81/112 (72·3)

20/20 (100·0)

0·016

  Unilateral pneumonia

2/14 (14·3)

17/132 (12·9)

17/112 (15·2)

0/20 (0·0)

0·13

  Ground-glass opacity

7/14 (50·0)

98/132 (74·2)

80/112 (71·4)

18/20 (90·0)

0·14

  Patchy or stripes shadowing

12/14 (85·7)

103/132 (78·0)

87/112 (77·7)

16/20 (80·0)

>  0·99^*

  Parenchymal abnormalities

2/14 (14·3)

31/132 (23·5)

25/112 (22·3)

6/20 (30·0)

0·65

  Pleural effusion

0/14 (0·0)

6/132 (4·5)

3/112 (2·7)

3/20 (15·0)

0·045^*