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Table 5 Logistic Regression Models for Severe COVID-19 Disease (inpatient admission or death)

From: Relationship of socio-demographics, comorbidities, symptoms and healthcare access with early COVID-19 presentation and disease severity

Patient Characteristics

Final Model

Additional Estimates

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

Demographics

 Age

  < 40 years (ref)

  

  40–54 years

1.4

0.4–4.4

  

  55–64 years

1.8

0.6–5.6

  

  65–74 years

3.0

0.6–14.4

  

  75+ years

0.8

0.1–5.4

  

 Sex

  Female (ref)

  

  Male

2.2

1.0–4.7

  

 Race/Ethnicity

  Caucasian (ref)

  

  Asian

4.8

1.6–14.2

  

  Hispanic

3.6

1.1–11.9

  

  Other or Unknown

2.3

0.7–7.1

  

 Insurance

  Commercial (ref)

  

  Medicare

4.0

0.9–17.8

  

  Medicaid

1.3

0.3–5.2

  

  Uninsured

2.3

0.5–9.8

  

Comorbidities

 Cardiovascular diseasea

4.7

1.0–22.1

  

 Hypertension aloneb

2.3

0.8–6.5

  

 GFR < 60

6.1

1.0–38.1

  

 Neurologic conditionc

  

2.3

0.5–10.8

 Immunosuppressive conditiond

  

1.3

0.2–7.4

 Liver conditione

  

2.0

0.2–15.6

 Diabetes

  

0.8

0.3–2.5

 Lung conditionf

  

0.6

0.2–1.6

 GI conditiong

  

0.3

0.0–4.0

Symptoms

 Shortness of breath or Dyspnea on exertion

5.4

2.3–12.6

  

 GI symptomsh

3.3

1.4–7.7

  

 Headache

  

1.0

0.4–2.3

 Pleuritic chest pain, tightnessi

  

0.9

0.4–2.2

 Fatiguej

  

0.6

0.3–1.4

 Sore throat

  

0.6

0.2–1.5

 Runny nose or nasal congestion

  

0.4

0.2–1.2

  1. a Cardiovascular disease includes CAD, myocardial infarction, or heart failure
  2. b Hypertension without history of cardiovascular disease or poor renal function
  3. c Neurologic conditions include any of: Parkinson Disease, Alzheimer, cognitive impairment, other
  4. d Immunosuppressive conditions include any of: chronic lung disease, cancer, organ transplant, immunosuppressive drugs, other indicator of immunosuppression
  5. e Liver condition includes Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Hepatic steatosis, cirrhosis, other
  6. f Lung conditions include asthma, COPD, chronic lung disease
  7. g GI condition includes IBD, IBS, and other
  8. h Includes nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
  9. i Includes all chest symptoms such as wheezing and chest congestion
  10. j Includes fatigue, malaise, weakness, myalgias