Animal sources for zoonotic transmission of psittacosis: a systematic review

Hogerwerf, Lenny; Roof, Inge; de Jong, Marianne J. K.; Dijkstra, Frederika; van der Hoek, Wim

doi:10.1186/s12879-020-4918-y

Table 1 Included studies describing human psittacosis cases and associated animal sources with strength of evidence score

From: Animal sources for zoonotic transmission of psittacosis: a systematic review

Reference, year	Animal species	Year of notification	Country	Diagnostics human	No. confirmed human cases	Diagnostics animal and/or environment	Strength of evidence
Abadia et al., 2006 [28]	ducks	2000	France	serology	71^b	no	8
	chickens	2000	France	serology	71^b	no	4
	turkeys	2000	France	serology	71^b	no	4
Arenas-Valls et al., 2017 [17]	psittaciformes	unknown	Spain	PCR & serology	4	no	8
Arraiz et al., 2012 [29]	columbiformes	unknown	Venezuela	PCR	8	PCR	19
Belchior et al., 2010 [30]	ducks	2009	France	PCR & serology	4	no	12
Belchior et al., 2011 [31]	unspecified birds	2008	France	PCR & serology	4	PCR	8
Berk et al., 2008 [7]	passeriformes	2007	The Netherlands	PCR & serology	12	antigen detection	8
Bourne et al., 2003 [32]	psittaciformes	unknown	United Kingdom	serology	1	no	2
Branley et al., 2008 [33]	psittaciformes	unknown	Australia	PCR, culture & serology	3	PCR & culture	12
Branley et al., 2014 [34]	unspecified birds	2003–2009	Australia	PCR, culture & serology	48	no	6
Cadario et al., 2017^a [35]	chickens	2010	Argentina	PCR	1	no	5
	psittaciformes	2011	Argentina	PCR	1	PCR	17
	psittaciformes	2013	Argentina	PCR	1	PCR	17
	columbiformes	2013	Argentina	PCR	1	no	5
	psittaciformes	2014	Argentina	PCR	1	no	5
Carlier et al., 2014 [36]	ducks	2011	France	PCR & serology	1	PCR	10
Chan et al., 2017 [37]	horse	2014	Australia	serology	3	PCR & serology	15
Chau et al., 2015^a [38]	psittaciformes	2014	Hong Kong	PCR & serology	1	no	4
	chickens	2014	Hong Kong	PCR & serology	1	no	4
	geese	2014	Hong Kong	PCR & serology	1^b	no	4
	chickens	2014	Hong Kong	PCR & serology	1^b	no	4
Cheng et al., 2013 [39]	psittaciformes	2011	Taiwan	serology	1	no	4
Ciftci et al., 2008 [40]	psittaciformes	unknown	Turkey	serology	2	no	2
Clarence et al., 2016 [41]	columbiformes	unknown	United Kingdom	PCR	1	no	5
De Boeck et al., 2016 [42]	psittaciformes	2013	Belgium	PCR, culture & serology	3	PCR	22
De Schrijver et al., 2016 [43]	psittaciformes	2014	Belgium	serology	4	PCR	10
Dickx et al., 2010 [44]	columbiformes	2008	Belgium	PCR & culture	4	PCR & culture	19
Dickx et al., 2010 [45]	chickens	2007	Belgium	PCR, culture & serology	43	PCR & culture	14
Dickx et al., 2010 [45]	turkeys	2007	Belgium	PCR, culture & serology	33	PCR & culture	22
Dickx et al., 2011 [46]	chickens	2010	Belgium	PCR & culture	4^b	PCR & culture	19
	guinea fowl	2010	Belgium	PCR & culture	4^b	PCR & culture	19
	turkeys	2010	Belgium	PCR & culture	4^b	PCR & culture	19
Dovc et al., 2005 [47]	psittaciformes	1997	Slovenia	serology	1	serology	3
Dovc et al., 2007 [48]	psittaciformes	unknown	Slovenia	serology	1	PCR & serology	6
Elliot et al., 2001 [49]	unspecified birds	unknown	Australia	serology	1	no	2
Espinosa de los Monteros et al., 2005 [50]	psittaciformes	2003	Spain	PCR & serology	3	PCR & serology	9
Fenga et al., 2007 [25]	cattle	2005	Italy	serology	28^b	no	8
	pigs	2005	Italy	serology	28^b	no	8
	goats	2005	Italy	serology	28^b	no	8
	sheep	2005	Italy	serology	28^b	no	8
Ferreira et al., 2015 [51]	psittaciformes	unknown	Brazil	serology	3	PCR	8
Ferreira et al., 2017 [52]	psittaciformes	unknown	Brazil	serology	1	PCR	6
Ferreri et al., 2007 [53]	passeriformes	2000	Italy	PCR & immunohistochemistry	1	PCR & immunohistochemistry	17
Fraeyman, 2010^a [54]	columbiformes	unknown	Belgium	PCR & serology	1	no	3
	columbiformes	unknown	Belgium	PCR & serology	1	no	3
	columbiformes	unknown	Belgium	PCR & serology	1	unknown	3
Frutos et al., 2012 [55]	psittaciformes	2010–2011	Argentina	PCR	6^b	no	7
	chickens	2010–2011	Argentina	PCR	1^b	no	5
	columbiformes	2010–2011	Argentina	PCR	1^b	no	5
	passeriformes	2010–2011	Argentina	PCR	2^b	no	5
Gacouin et al., 2012 [56]	chickens	1993–2011	France	PCR or serology	8^b	no	3
	ducks	1993–2011	France	PCR or serology	8^b	no	3
	psittaciformes	1993–2011	France	PCR or serology	2	no	1
	columbiformes	1993–2011	France	PCR or serology	2	no	1
Gaede et al., 2008 [8]	chickens	2005	Germany	PCR & serology	7^b	PCR	22
	ducks	2005	Germany	PCR & serology	7^b	PCR	22
	geese	2005	Germany	PCR & serology	7^b	PCR	22
Garbim et al., 2017 [57]	psittaciformes	unknown	Brazil	serology	1	no	2
García-Ordóñez et al., 2011 [58]	psittaciformes	2009	Spain	serology	5	PCR	6
Geens et al., 2005 [59]	turkeys	unknown	Belgium	PCR	1	PCR	19
Gelfand et al., 2013 [60]	psittaciformes	unknown	United States of America	serology & immunohistochemistry	2	PCR & immunohistochemistry	6
Haas et al., 2006 [9]	columbiformes	unknown	The Netherlands	serology	1	PCR	2
Haas et al., 2007 [61]	ducks	2007	Germany	PCR	1	no	5
Harkinezhad et al., 2007 [62]	psittaciformes	unknown	Belgium	PCR, culture & serology	3	PCR & culture	22
Harkinezhad et al., 2009 [63]	psittaciformes	2002–2003	Belgium	PCR & serology	8	no	10
	columbiformes	2002–2003	Belgium	PCR & serology	8	no	10
	passeriformes	2002–2003	Belgium	PCR & serology	12	no	10
	turkeys	2002–2003	Belgium	PCR & serology	1	no	4
Heddema et al., 2003 [64]	columbiformes	unknown	The Netherlands	PCR & serology	1	PCR	4
Heddema et al., 2006 [65]	psittaciformes	2005	The Netherlands	PCR & serology	10^b	PCR	20
Heddema et al., 2006 [65]	columbiformes	2005	The Netherlands	PCR & serology	10^b	PCR	0
Heddema et al., 2015 [66]	psittaciformes	2008–2013	The Netherlands	PCR	8^b	no	7
	passeriformes	2008–2013	The Netherlands	PCR	5^b	no	7
	columbiformes	2008–2013	The Netherlands	PCR	10^b	no	7
	ducks	2008–2013	The Netherlands	PCR	1^b	no	5
	pheasants	2008–2013	The Netherlands	PCR	1^b	no	5
	unspecified poultry	2008–2013	The Netherlands	PCR	5^b	no	7
	unspecified birds	2008–2013	The Netherlands	PCR	9^b	no	7
Henrion et al., 2002 [67]	psittaciformes	2001	Belgium	serology	1	no	2
Hulin et al., 2015 [68]	ducks	2013	France	PCR & serology	10	PCR	8
	chickens	2013	France	PCR & serology	7^b	PCR	4
	turkeys	2013	France	PCR & serology	7^b	PCR	4
	guinea fowl	2013	France	PCR & serology	7^b	PCR	4
	unspecified poultry	2013	France	PCR & serology	7^b	PCR	8
Ionescu et al., 2016 [69]	psittaciformes	unknown	United Kingdom	PCR & serology	1^b	no	6
	passeriformes	unknown	United Kingdom	PCR & serology	1^b	no	6
	columbiformes	unknown	United Kingdom	PCR & serology	1^b	no	6
	chickens	unknown	United Kingdom	PCR & serology	1^b	no	6
Ito et al., 2002 [10]	psittaciformes	unknown	Japan	serology	1	no	2
Jiménez-Cordero et al., 2015 [70]	columbiformes	unknown	Spain	serology	1	no	2
Kaibu et al., 2006 [11]	psittaciformes	2005	Japan	PCR & serology	2	PCR & culture	6
Kalmar et al., 2014 [71]	columbiformes	unknown	Belgium	PCR & culture	3^b	PCR & culture	21
	passeriformes	unknown	Belgium	PCR & culture	3^b	PCR & culture	19
	strigiformes	unknown	Belgium	PCR & culture	3^b	PCR & culture	21
Kampinga et al., 2000 [72]	sheep	unknown	The Netherlands	PCR & serology	1	no	6
Kovacova et al., 2007 [12]	psittaciformes	2005	Slovakia	PCR & serology	1	serology	5
Lagae et al., 2014 [73]	chickens	2012	Belgium	PCR & culture	29	PCR & culture	21
Laroucau et al., 2009 [74]	ducks	2006	France	PCR & serology	5	PCR & culture	20
Laroucau et al., 2015 [75]	chickens	2013	France	PCR & serology	5^b	PCR & culture	20
Laroucau et al., 2015 [75]	ducks	2013	France	PCR & serology	5^b	PCR	20
Ling et al., 2015 [76]	columbiformes	2008–2010	China	Antigen detection & serology	19	Antigen detection & serology	21
Lugert et al., 2017 [77]	ducks	2010	Germany	serology	5	no	8
Mair-Jenkins et al., 2018 [78]	columbiformes	2015	United Kingdom	PCR & serology	4	no	8
Matsui et al., 2008 [13]	unspecified birds	2001–2002	Japan	serology	8	PCR	12
Maza et al., 2016 [79]	psittaciformes	2014	Argentina	PCR	2	PCR & immunohistochemistry	5
Pandeli et al., 2006 [80]	psittaciformes	unknown	Australia	PCR	1^b	no	5
Pandeli et al., 2006 [80]	fox	unknown	Australia	PCR	1^b	no	5
Petrovay et al., 2008 [81]	unspecified poultry	2005	Hungary	PCR & serology	1	no	4
Petrovay et al., 2008 [81]	unspecified poultry	2007	Hungary	PCR & serology	1	no	4
Rehn et al., 2013 [82]	unspecified birds	2013	Sweden	PCR	15^b	no	11
	psittaciformes	2013	Sweden	PCR	1^b	PCR	5
	chickens	2013	Sweden	PCR	1^b	PCR	5
Sciacca et al., 2009 [83]	psittaciformes	2009	Belgium	serology	1	no	2
Senn et al., 2008 [84]	psittaciformes	2007	Switzerland	serology	1	PCR	4
Speelberg et al., 2014^a [85]	musophagiformes	unknown	The Netherlands	PCR & serology	1	no	7
	columbiformes	unknown	The Netherlands	PCR & serology	1	PCR	7
	chickens	unknown	The Netherlands	PCR & serology	1	PCR	5
Spoorenberg et al., 2016^a [86]	unspecified birds	2007–2010	The Netherlands	PCR & serology	1	no	8
	psittaciformes	2007–2010	The Netherlands	PCR & serology	1	no	6
	unspecified birds	2007–2010	The Netherlands	PCR & serology	1	no	4
	unspecified birds	2007–2010	The Netherlands	PCR & serology	1	no	6
	columbiformes	2007–2010	The Netherlands	PCR & serology	1	no	3
	unspecified birds	2007–2010	The Netherlands	PCR & serology	1	no	3
Sprague et al., 2009 [87]	dogs	2006–2007	Germany	culture & serology	2	PCR & culture	10
Telfer et al., 2005 [15]	unspecified birds	2002	Australia	serology	28	no	8
Tiong et al., 2007 [88]	ducks	2003–2004	Australia	serology	12	culture & serology	11
Van Droogenbroeck et al., 2009 [89]	turkeys	unknown	Belgium	PCR & culture	1	PCR & culture	19
Vande Weygaerde et al., 2018 [16]	psittaciformes	unknown	Belgium	PCR & serology	1	PCR	17
Vanrompay et al., 2007 [90]	psittaciformes	unknown	Belgium	PCR & culture	6	PCR & culture	9
Verminnen et al., 2008 [91]	turkeys	unknown	Belgium	PCR, culture & serology	3	PCR, culture & serology	25
Vorimore et al., 2015 [92]	ducks	2009	Belgium	serology	4	PCR	8
Walter et al., 2014 [93]	psittaciformes	unknown	United Kingdom	serology	1	no	2
Widgren et al., 2009 [94]	psittaciformes	2008	Denmark	serology	4	unknown	10
Williams et al., 2013 [95]	ducks	2008	United Kingdom	culture & serology	9	no	10
Yang et al., 2011 [96]	peacock	2009	China	PCR & serology	4	PCR & serology	23

^a Studies reporting on multiple unrelated case studies
^b Cases with multiple associated animal sources

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