Table 2 Characteristics of patients with bloodstream infection due to obligate anaerobic pathogens
From: Utility of anaerobic bottles for the diagnosis of bloodstream infections
Context of blood culture (BC) | Main underlying disease | Pathogen(s) isolated from BC | Other pathogens (site) | Antibiotic treatment before BC results | Treatment modification after BC results | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Febrile neutropenia | Burkitt’s lymphoma | Bacteroides spp. | None | Meropenem and cotrimoxazole | No | Alive |
Febrile neutropenia | Acute myeloid leukaemia | Fusobacterium nucleatum | None | Piperacilline/tazobactam and spiramycine | No | Alive |
Febrile neutropenia | Hodgkin’s lymphoma | Fusobacterium nucleatum | None | Cefepime | Metronidazole added | Alive |
Acute Diverticulitis | None | Bacteroides fragilis | E. coli (BC) | Ceftriaxone and ornidazole | No | Alive |
Peritonitis mediastinitis, septic shock | Lower oesophageal myotomy | Bacteroides fragilis | P. aeruginosa (urine) and S. maltophilia (sputum) | Ciprofloxacin and vancomycine | Switch to ornidazole, vancomycine and ceftazidime | Death |
Intestinal abscess | None | Bacteroides fragilis | Cefotaxime | Metronidazole added | Alive | |
Surgical site abscess | Oesophageal coloplasty | Fusobacterium necrophorum | Pseudomonas aeruginosa (abscess) | None | Cefepime initiation | Alive |
Rectal abscess | Rectum adenocarcinoma | Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron | None | No | Metronidazole added | Alive |
Anal abscess | None | Bacteroides fragilis | None | Metronidazole and ciprofloxacine | No | Alive |
Post-prostate biopsy sepsis | Prostate adenocarcinoma | Clostridium sordellii, | E. coli (BC) and E. faecalis | Ceftriaxone and amikacin | Switch to Piperacilline/tazobactam and gentamicine | Alive |
Inhalation pneumonia | Gastric adenocarcinoma | Bacteroides fragilis | Piperacilline/tazobactam and amikacin | No | Death | |
Sacral ulcer | Castelman Disease | Bacteroides fragilis | P. aeruginosa and S. aureus (sputum) | Amikacin and cefepime | Switch to Cefepime, ornidazole and vancomycine | Death |
Septic shock | Burn | Bacteroides vulgatus | S. aureus (BC) | Linezolide | Switch to Piperacilline/tazobactam | Death |