Table 1 Pooled prevalence of Toxocara infection among human and animals in Iran
Toxocara/Toxascaris | # of study | Total sample size | Positive | Pooled prevalence (95% CI) | Q | df | I2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Human part | |||||||
 National Prevalence | 28 | 11,377 | 1367 | 9.3 (6.1–13.1) | 1114.7 | 27 | 97.6 |
Quality grade | |||||||
 high | 18 | 7597 | 812 | 10.0 (5.9–15.0) | 743.7 | 17 | 97.7 |
 moderate | 10 | 3780 | 555 | 8.1 (3.3–14.7) | 322.3 | 9 | 97.2 |
Publication Year | |||||||
 2000–2005 | 2 | 583 | 146 | 24.9 (21.4–28.5) | 1114.1 | 1 | 99.9 |
 2005–2010 | 5 | 2939 | 391 | 9.9 (2.3–21.6) | 285.9 | 4 | 98.6 |
 2010–2015 | 8 | 1477 | 165 | 8.6 (1.9–19.3) | 240.3 | 7 | 97.1 |
 2015–2019 | 13 | 6378 | 665 | 8.0 (4.2–12.7) | 471.5 | 12 | 97.5 |
Animal part | |||||||
 Prevalence in Dog | 29 | 4065 | 844 | 24.2 (18.0–31.0) | 100.1 | 28 | 95.2 |
 Prevalence in Cat | 20 | 1670 | 511 | 32.6 (22.6–43.4) | 386.9 | 19 | 95.1 |
 Prevalence in Jackal | 4 | 57 | 13 | 23.3 (7.7–43.2) | 6.9 | 3 | 56.5 |
 Prevalence in Red fox | 2 | 111 | 76 | 69.4 (60.3–77.8) | – | – | – |
 Wild cat | 1 | 8 | 5 | 62.5 (24.5–91.5) | – | – | – |
Parasite species in carnivores | |||||||
 T. canis (overall) | 31 | 4420 | 545 | 13.8 (9.8–18.3) | 449.2 | 30 | 93.3 |
 Publication Year |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  > 2005 | 4 | 368 | 17 | 5.0 (0.6–12.5) | 19.1 | 3 | 84.3 |
 2005–2010 | 6 | 638 | 159 | 26.7 (12.8–43.3) | 95.9 | 5 | 94.8 |
 2010–2015 | 14 | 2638 | 290 | 13.1 (7.8–19.4) | 204.7 | 13 | 93.6 |
 2015–2019 | 7 | 776 | 79 | 11.0 (6.2–16.9) | 27.1 | 6 | 77.8 |
 T. cati (overall) | 24 | 1811 | 503 | 28.5 (20.0–37.7) | 394.7 | 23 | 94.2 |
Publication Year | |||||||
  > 2005 | 3 | 221 | 95 | 45.3 (26.8–64.4) | 11.2 | 2 | 82.1 |
 2005–2010 | 10 | 792 | 230 | 28.6 (18.0–40.6) | 112.1 | 9 | 92.0 |
 2010–2015 | 7 | 520 | 98 | 21.6 (8.0–39.3) | 112.3 | 6 | 94.7 |
 2015–2019 | 4 | 278 | 80 | 28.9 (3.0–66.2) | 105.2 | 3 | 97.1 |
 T. leonina (overall) | 20 | 3150 | 420 | 14.3 (8.1–22.0) | 498.4 | 19 | 96.2 |
Publication Year | |||||||
  > 2005 | 2 | 220 | 81 | 36.0 (29.7–42.5) | 498.4 | 1 | 99.8 |
 2005–2010 | 3 | 329 | 48 | 12.1 (0.8–32.5) | 42.4 | 2 | 95.3 |
 2010–2015 | 11 | 2032 | 175 | 12.2 (4.6–22.6) | 253.0 | 10 | 96.0 |
 2015–2019 | 4 | 562 | 98 | 13.4 (4.9–25.0) | 30.4 | 3 | 90.1 |