Table 1 Annual incidence (per 100,000 inhabitants) of IPD in Taiwan from July 2008 to June 2016 and a comparison of the incidence during July 2008–June 2009 vs. that during July 2015–June 2016 (n = 5324)

≤5

n = 167

n = 175

n = 249

n = 206

n = 180

n = 101

n = 87

n = 75

n = 977

n = 263

Total cases

13.32

14.33

21.23

17.70

15.13

8.51

7.25

6.14

<.0001

16.28

7.29

0.45

(0.39–0.51)

PCV13 VT

12.20

12.94

19.53

15.46

12.10

5.90

3.00

2.86

<.0001

14.40

3.91

0.27

(0.23–0.32)

PPV23 VT

11.80

12.12

18.51

14.77

11.93

5.48

3.41

3.19

<.0001

13.78

4.02

0.29

(0.24–0.35)

PPV23-non PCV13 VT

0.24

0.08

0.09

0.17

0.42

0.25

0.58

0.49

0.013

0.20

0.44

2.22

(1.05–4.69)

Non-PCV13

1.12

1.39

1.71

2.23

3.03

2.61

4.25

3.27

<.0001

1.88

3.38

1.80

(1.39–2.32)

19A

2.39

4.26

8.70

10.05

8.99

4.13

2.00

2.13

0.002

6.80

2.74

0.40

(0.32–0.50)

6–64

n = 300

n = 268

n = 322

n = 276

n = 279

n = 270

n = 207

n = 272

n = 1445

n = 749

Total cases

1.55

1.38

1.65

1.41

1.43

1.39

1.07

1.41

0.003

1.48

1.29

0.87

(0.79–0.95)

PCV13 VT

1.13

0.98

1.31

1.02

0.93

0.94

0.55

0.81

<.0001

1.08

0.77

0.71

(0.64–0.80)

PPV23 VT

1.15

1.04

1.33

1.02

0.95

0.97

0.61

0.89

<.0001

1.10

0.82

0.75

(0.67–0.83)

PPV23-non PCV13 VT

0.06

0.10

0.08

0.09

0.13

0.09

0.09

0.12

0.115

0.09

0.10

1.08

(0.78–1.50)

Non-PCV13

0.42

0.40

0.34

0.39

0.50

0.44

0.51

0.60

< 0.001

0.41

0.52

1.27

(1.09–1.47)

19A

0.03

0.08

0.18

0.17

0.21

0.26

0.07

0.20

<.0001

0.13

0.18

1.31

(1.02–1.70)

65–74

n = 102

n = 109

n = 100

n = 88

n = 86

n = 79

n = 89

n = 83

n = 485

n = 251

Total cases

7.43

7.83

7.22

6.31

6.01

5.31

5.69

5.03

<.0001

6.95

5.34

0.77

(0.66–0.89)

PCV13 VT

5.39

6.18

5.56

4.80

4.47

3.56

2.81

2.72

<.0001

5.28

3.02

0.57

(0.47–0.69)

PPV23 VT

6.05

6.54

6.06

4.88

4.61

3.90

3.39

2.91

<.0001

5.62

3.38

0.60

(0.50–0.72)

PPV23-non PCV13 VT

0.73

0.57

0.94

0.14

0.42

0.40

0.64

0.24

0.067

0.56

0.43

0.76

(0.44–1.30)

Non-PCV13

2.04

1.65

1.66

1.51

1.54

1.75

2.88

2.30

0.064

1.68

2.32

1.38

(1.06–1.79)

19A

0.15

0.36

0.36

0.43

0.84

0.54

0.70

0.54

0.026

0.43

0.60

1.38

(0.83–2.32)

≥ 75

n = 166

n = 138

n = 151

n = 162

n = 147

n = 125

n = 147

n = 118

n = 764

n = 390

Total cases

16.11

12.94

13.70

14.29

12.57

10.37

11.82

9.17

<.0001

13.89

10.44

0.75

(0.67–0.85)

PCV13 VT

12.52

9.57

9.71

10.67

8.12

7.46

6.75

5.21

<.0001

10.07

6.45

0.64

(0.55–0.75)

PPV23 VT

13.69

10.88

10.52

10.58

8.29

7.96

7.07

5.67

<.0001

10.72

6.88

0.64

(0.55–0.74)

PPV23-non PCV13 VT

1.36

1.41

1.45

0.71

0.60

0.75

0.48

0.62

0.001

1.09

0.62

0.56

(0.35–0.91)

Non-PCV13

3.59

3.38

3.99

3.62

4.45

2.90

5.06

3.96

0.253

3.82

3.99

1.04

(0.85–1.29)

19A

0.29

0.19

0.27

0.71

1.11

1.08

0.96

1.09

0.000

0.53

1.04

1.98

(1.22–3.20)

all ages

n = 735

n = 690

n = 822

n = 732

n = 692

n = 575

n = 530

n = 548

n = 3671

n = 1653

Total cases

3.19

2.98

3.55

3.15

2.97

2.46

2.26

2.33

<.0001

3.17

2.35

0.74

(0.70–0.79)

PCV13 VT

2.50

2.32

2.89

2.45

2.08

1.70

1.16

1.29

<.0001

2.45

1.38

0.56

(0.53–0.61)

PPV23 VT

2.58

2.41

2.92

2.41

2.10

1.75

1.28

1.41

<.0001

2.49

1.48

0.60

(0.55–0.64)

PPV23-non PCV13 VT

0.16

0.19

0.20

0.13

0.19

0.15

0.17

0.17

0.813

0.17

0.17

0.96

(0.77–1.21)

Non-PCV13

0.69

0.67

0.66

0.71

0.89

0.76

1.11

1.04

<.0001

0.72

0.97

1.34

(1.21–1.48)

19A

0.18

0.32

0.63

0.71

0.74

0.52

0.26

0.37

0.220

0.52

0.38

0.74

(0.64–0.86)