Temporal changes in laboratory markers of survivors and non-survivors of adult inpatients with COVID-19

Ouyang, Song-Mao; Zhu, Hong-Quan; Xie, Ying-Na; Zou, Zhi-Sheng; Zuo, Hui-Min; Rao, Yun-Wei; Liu, Xiao-Yan; Zhong, Bin; Chen, Xin

doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05678-0

BMC Infectious Diseases

Table 1 The laboratory test results of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China

From: Temporal changes in laboratory markers of survivors and non-survivors of adult inpatients with COVID-19

Laboratory markers	Normal reference range	First tests			Last tests
Laboratory markers	Normal reference range	Survivors	Non-survivors	P value	Survivors	Non-survivors	P value
WBC, ×10⁹/L	3.5–9.5	6.22	10.86 ↑	< 0.001 **	6.34	14.72 ↑	< 0.001 **
Lymphocyte count, ×10⁹/L	0.8–4	1.04	0.62 ↓	< 0.001 **	1.33	0.55 ↓	< 0.001 **
Lymphocyte percentage, %	20–40	20.82	6.70 ↓	< 0.001 **	24.31	4.56 ↓	< 0.001 **
Neutrophil count, ×10⁹/L	2–7	4.74	9.77 ↑	< 0.001 **	4.39	13.65 ↑	< 0.001 **
Neutrophil percentage, %	50–70	71.39 ↑	88.14 ↑	< 0.001 **	65.22	91.31 ↑	< 0.001 **
Monocyte count, ×10⁹/L	0.12–1.2	0.37	0.41	0.457	0.45	0.40	0.378
Monocyte percentage, %	3–12	6.53	4.47	0.002 *	7.62	3.27	< 0.001 **
Eosinophil count, ×10⁹/L	0.02–0.5	0.05	0.03	0.292	0.13	0.05	0.001 *
Eosinophil percentage, %	0.5–5	0.88	0.42 ↓	0.015 *	2.34	0.63	< 0.001 **
Basophil count, ×10⁹/L	0–0.1	0.02	0.03	0.35	0.03	0.03	0.682
Basophil percentage, %	0–1	0.37	0.27	0.152	0.50	0.28	0.008 *
Platelet count, × 10⁹/L	125–350	214.66	178.77	0.1	232.63	125.48	< 0.001 **
MPV, fL	7–11	9.23	10.01	0.003 *	9.20	11.11 ↑	< 0.001 **
PDW	15–17	16.18	16.63	< 0.001 **	16.14	16.74	< 0.001 **
Thrombocytocrit, %	0.1–0.282	0.19	0.18	0.41	0.21	0.14	< 0.001 **
Platelet-large cell count, ×10⁹/L	30–90	43.45	45.79	0.606	47.80	39.58	0.066
Platelet-large cell percentage, %	11–45	21.60	26.75	0.003 *	21.22	34.67	< 0.001 **
hs-CRP, mg/L	< 3	59.58 ↑	191.76 ↑	< 0.001 **	22.36 ↑	248.49 ↑	< 0.001 **
PCT, ng/mL	0–0.05	0.30 ↑	0.89 ↑	0.019 *	0.28 ↑	23.36 ↑	0.009 *
IL-6, pg/ml	0–7	40.65 ↑	76.10 ↑	0.137	111.77 ↑	1012.76 ↑	0.13
PT, s	11–15	15.58 ↑	23.15 ↑	0.089	14.76	19.57 ↑	0.002 *
PT-INR	0.8–1.2	1.22 ↑	2.19 ↑	0.132	1.14	1.65 ↑	0.003 *
PTA, %	80–150	78.48 ↓	52.83 ↓	< 0.001 **	90.39	57.67 ↓	< 0.001 **
TT, s	13–20	20.17 ↑	19.64	0.864	17.59	18.94	0.139
aPTT, s	28–44	42.52	46.61 ↑	0.285	41.62	47.07 ↑	0.245
Fibrinogen, g/L	2–4	4.38 ↑	5.07 ↑	0.098	4.13 ↑	4.54 ↑	0.248
D-dimer, μg/mL	0–0.5	2.83 ↑	9.92 ↑	0.002 *	1.58 ↑	12.24 ↑	< 0.001 **
FDP, μg/mL	0–5	15.55 ↑	86.68 ↑	0.014 *	7.32 ↑	75.67 ↑	< 0.001 **
Antithrombin III, %	80–120	91.71	86.19	0.179	95.97	75.21 ↓	0.001 *
RBC, × 10¹²	3.5–5.5	4.11	3.86	0.143	3.80	3.21 ↓	0.003 *
Haemoglobin #, g/L	124.2–165.3	122.34 ↓	115.27 ↓	0.164	111.85 ↓	94.73 ↓	0.005 *
Haematocrit, %	40–54	37.97 ↓	36.06 ↓	0.217	35.37 ↓	30.31 ↓	0.006 *
MCV, fL	82–100	92.61	92.89	0.827	93.41	94.43	0.412
MCH, pg	27–34	29.66	29.89	0.621	29.49	29.36	0.775
MCHC, g/L	316–354	320.24	321.52	0.574	315.61 ↓	310.94 ↓	0.109
RDW-CV, %	11.5–14.5	13.04	12.93	0.618	13.65	13.44	0.471
RDW-SD, fL	35–56	42.21	41.66	0.474	44.40	44.00	0.689
nRBC, ×10⁹/L		0.01 ↑	0.01 ↑	0.981	0	0.06 ↑	0.033 *
nRBC%, /100WBC		0.15 ↑	0.04 ↑	0.632	0	0.29 ↑	0.011 *
Ret, ×10¹²	0.02–0.2	0.04	0.05	0.488	0.07	0.06	0.208
Ret%, %	0.3–3	1.09	1.31	0.133	1.98	1.89	0.793
lf-Ret%, %	80–100	93.13	90.54	0.035 *	91.54	87.72	0.004 *
mf-Ret%, %	0–20	6.38	8.93	0.011 *	7.96	10.71	0.009 *
hf-Ret%, %	0–5	0.49	0.53	0.893	0.51	1.57	0.025 *
IRF, %	0–25	6.87	9.46	0.035 *	8.46	12.28	0.004 *
SpO₂, %	95–98	90.35 ↓	90.72 ↓	0.926	94.89 ↓	87.54 ↓	0.119
TCO₂, mmol/L	22–29	21.85 ↓	19.60 ↓	0.333	27.88	23.48	0.002 *
PaO₂, mmHg	80–105	96.64	76.10 ↓	0.205	101.79	87.55	0.351
PaCO₂, mmHg	35–45	33.51 ↓	28.45 ↓	0.095	45.16 ↑	48.43 ↑	0.539
Acidity-basicity	7.35–7.45	7.40	7.44	0.268	7.39	7.31 ↓	0.035 *
ABR, mmol/L	22–27	20.82 ↓	18.72 ↓	0.351	26.49	22.01	0.001 *
BEEcf, mmol/L	-2-3	−3.43 ↓	−4.95 ↓	0.529	1.96	−3.51 ↓	0.001 *
PCO₂, mmol/L	22–29	20.57 ↓	17.58 ↓	0.009 *	22.36	19.40 ↓	0.002 *
PUA, μmol/L	210–430	330.99	372.57	0.5	290.85	454.43 ↑	0.007 *
Plasma creatinine, μmol/L	53–123	322.79 ↑	459.80 ↑	0.303	236.91 ↑	389.64 ↑	0.081
PUN, mmol/L	2.9–8.2	11.01 ↑	17.86 ↑	0.093	9.12 ↑	25.45 ↑	< 0.001 **
eGFR, mL/min/1.73m²	> 90	87.85 ↓	69.88 ↓	0.168	101.30 ↑	46.13 ↓	< 0.001 **
Cystatin C, mg/L	0–1.5	2.48 ↑	3.28 ↑	0.24	2.38 ↑	3.67 ↑	0.03 *
Sodium, mmol/L	135–145	139.43	140.32	0.39	139.85	144.40	0.034 *
Potassium, mmol/L	3.5–5.5	4.06	4.11	0.828	4.25	4.67	0.096
Total calcium, mmol/L	2.08–2.6	2.10	1.97 ↓	0.027 *	2.19	1.94 ↓	< 0.001 **
Phosphorus, mmol/L	1–1.6	1.23	1.50	0.234	1.27	1.69 ↑	0.029 *
Magnesium, mmol/L	0.6–1.1	0.97	1.01	0.562	0.90	1.02	< 0.001 **
Chlorine, mmol/L	95–110	103.52	104.18	0.695	104.00	105.77	0.437
hs-cTnI, ng/mL	0–0.023	0.03 ↑	0.01	0.313	0.02	0.37 ↑	0.166
Myoglobin, ng/mL	23–112	195.78 ↑	342.42 ↑	0.126	233.33 ↑	547.84 ↑	0.005 *
NT-proBNP, ng/L	0–900	5179.35 ↑	6173.35 ↑	0.784	6204.18 ↑	12,539.35 ↑	0.156
LDH, U/L	80–285	276.57	465.15 ↑	< 0.001 **	203.73	602.65 ↑	< 0.001 **
HCA, μmol/L	0–15	12.96	10.02	0.242	14.23	12.81	0.606
CK, U/L	50–310	130.39	373.00 ↑	0.192	70.34	402.55 ↑	0.006 *
CKI, ng/mL	0–7.2	8.15 ↑	5.60	0.466	3.84	25.03 ↑	0.041 *
Total bilirubin, μmol/L	0–25	13.44	17.45	0.351	14.89	21.59	0.292
Direct bilirubin, μmol/L	0–6.84	6.98 ↑	8.09 ↑	0.758	5.82	14.27 ↑	0.09
Total bile acid, μmol/L	0–10	11.10 ↑	5.44	0.51	5.16	7.78	0.276
Prealbumin, mg/L	160–450	179.61	87.87 ↓	< 0.001 **	224.84	98.51 ↓	< 0.001 **
Total protein, g/L	60–85	70.26	65.30	0.01 *	72.05	62.88	0.002 *
Albumin, g/L	34–55	36.60	30.27 ↓	< 0.001 **	36.64	26.99 ↓	< 0.001 **
Globulin, g/L	20–40	33.65	35.04	0.304	35.40	35.89	0.795
AGR	1.2–2.4	1.11 ↓	0.89 ↓	0.001 *	1.08 ↓	0.80 ↓	< 0.001 **
ALT, U/L	9–50	32.19	34.57	0.741	27.47	46.62	0.202
AST, U/L	15–40	34.49	47.91 ↑	0.065	26.75	82.59 ↑	0.015 *
ALP, U/L	45–125	64.30	77.17	0.243	68.48	98.29	0.004 *
GGT, U/L	10–60	52.87	64.15 ↑	0.511	45.22	51.70	0.476
Cholinesterase, U/L	4500–12,000	5844.80	4521.15	0.003 *	5849.76	3611.55 ↓	< 0.001 **
Glucose, mmol/L	3.9–6.1	6.93 ↑	8.11 ↑	0.22	6.04	8.39 ↑	< 0.001 **
Triglyceride, mmol/L	< 2.3	1.67	1.45	0.527	1.65	2.15	0.044 *
Total cholesterol, mmol/L	0–5.1	3.92	3.26	0.015 *	4.34	2.92	< 0.001 **
HDL-C, mmol/L	0.8–2	0.95	0.86	0.323	1.07	0.79 ↓	0.006 *
non-HDL-C, mmol/L	2.2–5.8	2.98	2.40	0.029 *	3.27	2.13 ↓	< 0.001 **
LDL-C, mmol/L	0–3.36	2.46	1.91	0.021 *	2.80	1.50	< 0.001 **
sdLDL-C, mmol/L	0.23–1.37	0.73	0.48	0.028 *	0.92	0.47	0.001 *
Apolipoprotein A1, g/L	1–1.6	0.90 ↓	0.76 ↓	0.057	1.07	0.61 ↓	< 0.001 **
Apolipoprotein B, g/L	0.6–1.1	0.84	0.73	0.087	0.87	0.68	0.006 *
Lipoprotein(a), mg/L	0–300	185.60	189.68	0.938	208.12	133.05	0.129

^↑ above normal reference range. ^↓ below normal reference range. ^* P value less than 0.05 and more than 0.001. ^** P value less than 0.001. ^# The normal reference range of haemoglobin was calculated based on the number of female and male, cause the normal reference range of haemoglobin of female was 115–150 g/L, the normal reference range of haemoglobin of male was 130–175 g/L. ABR Actual bicarbonate radical; AGR Albumin-globulin ratio; ALP Alkaline phosphatase; ALT Alanine aminotransferase; aPTT Activated partial thromboplastin time; AST Aspartate aminotransferase; BEEcf Base excess in the extracellular fluid compartment; CK Creatine kinase; CKI Creatine kinase isoenzymes; eGFR Estimated glomerular filtration rate; FDP Fibrin (ogen) degradation product; GGT γ-Glutamyl transferase; HCA Homocysteic acid; HDL-C High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; hf-Ret% High fluorescent reticulocyte percentage; hs-CRP Hypersensitive C-reactive protein; hs-cTnI High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I; IL-6 Interleukin-6; IRF Immature reticulocyte fraction; LDH Lactate dehydrogenase; LDL-C Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; lf-Ret% Low fluorescent reticulocyte percentage; MCH Mean corpuscular volume; MCHC Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration; MCV Mean corpuscular volume; mf-Ret% Middle fluorescent reticulocyte percentage; MPV Mean platelet volume; non-HDL-C Nonhigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol; nRBC Nucleated red blood cell count; nRBC% Nucleated red blood cell percentage; NT-proBNP N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide; PaCO₂ Partial pressure of carbon dioxide; PaO₂ Partial pressure of oxygen; PCO₂ Plasma carbon dioxide; PCT Procalcitonin; PDW Platelet distribution width; PT Prothrombin time; PTA Prothrombin activity; PT-INR Prothrombin international normalized ratio; PUA Plasma uric acid; PUN Plasma urea nitrogen; RBC Red blood cell count; RDW-CV Red blood cell distribution width - coefficient of variation; RDW-SD Red blood cell distribution width - standard deviation; Ret Reticulocyte count; Ret% Reticulocyte percentage; sdLDL-C Small-dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SpO₂ Oxygen saturation; TCO₂ Total carbon dioxide; TT Thrombin time; WBC White blood cell count

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ISSN: 1471-2334

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