Table 2 Mortality predictors at the onset of Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection
Variable | Total (N = 146) | Survivors (n = 113) | Non-survivors (n = 33) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Invasive procedures prior to the onset of infection | ||||
 Surgery, n (%) | 66 (45.2) | 52 (46.0) | 14 (42.4) | 0.72 |
 Urinary catheterization, n (%) | 72 (49.3) | 57 (50.4) | 15 (45.5) | 0.61 |
 Gastrointestinal decompression, n (%) | 85 (58.2) | 66 (58.4) | 19 (57.6) | 0.93 |
 Sputum suction, n (%) | 67 (45.9) | 52 (46.0) | 15 (45.5) | 0.95 |
 Invasive ventilation, n (%) | 54 (37.0) | 40 (35.4) | 14 (42.4) | 0.46 |
Source of bloodstream infection | ||||
 Primary bacteremia, n (%) | 33 (22.6) | 30 (26.5) | 3 (9.1) | 0.04 |
 Intra-abdominal infection, n (%) | 30 (20.5) | 14 (12.4) | 16 (48.5) | < 0.01 |
 Pneumonia, n (%) | 73 (50.0) | 60 (53.1) | 13 (39.4) | 0.17 |
 Catheter-related infection, n (%) | 10 (6.8) | 9 (8.0) | 1 (3.0) | 0.46 |
Microbiological characteristics | ||||
 Healthcare-associated infection, n (%) | 124 (84.9) | 96 (85.0) | 28 (84.8) | 0.83 |
 Carbapenem-resistance isolate, n (%) | 71 (48.6) | 50 (44.2) | 21 (63.6) | 0.05 |
 Polymicrobial bloodstream infection, n (%) | 34 (23.3) | 26 (23.0) | 8 (24.2) | 0.88 |
Laboratory predictorsa | ||||
 Leukocyte counts, median (IQR), 109/L | 9.9 (5.3, 18.9) | 9.3 (6.7, 15.7) | 13.1 (5.0, 24.5) | 0.44 |
 Hemoglobin, median (IQR), g/L | 105 (89, 121) | 105 (93, 122) | 97 (86, 118) | 0.84 |
 Platelet counts, median (IQR), 109/L | 190 (102, 282) | 213 (115, 314) | 103 (17, 151) | < 0.01 |
 Procalcitonin, median (IQR), ng/mL | 1.4 (0.1, 17.0) | 0.8 (0, 13.8) | 7.5 (0.32, 69.6) | 0.06 |
 C-reactive protein, median (IQR), mg/L | 30 (8, 77) | 19 (8, 54) | 88 (39, 143) | < 0.01 |
 Albumin, median (IQR), g/L | 28.0 (27.6, 35.4) | 32.4 (28.8, 35.8) | 26.8 (20.1, 34.0) | < 0.01 |
 Total bilirubin, median (IQR), mg/dL | 1.6 (0.5, 3.9) | 1.1 (0.4, 3.3) | 2.2 (1.3, 5.8) | 0.06 |
 Creatinine, median (IQR), μmol/L | 26 (21, 43) | 25 (20, 37) | 40 (22, 64) | 0.01 |
 Lactate, median (IQR), mmol/L | 1.6 (0.8, 4.1) | 1.4 (0.8, 2.4) | 2.4 (1.4, 5.3) | < 0.01 |
Organ failure | ||||
 SOFA score, median (IQR) | 5 (3, 7) | 4 (2, 6) | 7 (6, 10) | < 0.01 |
 Altered mental status, n (%) | 22 (15.1) | 10 (8.9) | 12 (36.4) | < 0.01 |
 Respiratory failure, n (%) | 92 (63.0) | 68 (60.2) | 24 (72.7) | 0.19 |
 Shock/hypotension, n (%) | 43 (29.5) | 28 (24.8) | 15 (45.5) | 0.02 |
 Hepatic failure, n (%) | 77 (52.7) | 53 (46.9) | 24 (72.7) | < 0.01 |
 Renal failure, n (%) | 33 (22.6) | 22 (19.5) | 11 (33.3) | 0.09 |
 Coagulation disorder, n (%) | 58 (39.7) | 35 (31.0) | 23 (69.7) | < 0.01 |
Number of organ failure(s) |  |  |  | < 0.01 |
 0, n (%) | 17 (11.6) | 15 (13.3) | 2 (6.1) |  |
 1, n (%) | 36 (24.7) | 34 (43.4) | 2 (6.1) |  |
 2, n (%) | 35 (24.0) | 30 (26.5) | 5 (15.2) |  |
 3, n (%) | 28 (19.2) | 17 (15.0) | 11 (33.3) |  |
 ≥ 4, n (%) | 30 (20.5) | 17 (15.0) | 13 (39.3) |  |