Incident tuberculosis disease in patients receiving biologic therapies in the Western Cape, South Africa from 2007 to 2018

Table 1 Baseline and outcome variables by therapy and indication groups

All patients n = 609 n (%)		Therapy groups n = 598^a			Indication groups n = 609
All patients n = 609 n (%)		TNF-α n = 174 n (%)	Non-TNF-α n = 424 n (%)	p^b	IMID n = 348 n (%)	HM n = 261 n (%)	p
AGE IN YEARS at initiation of biologic therapy
Median (IQR)	41 (22–57)	33 (18–46)	47 (25–59)	< 0.001	28 (13–45)	55 (41–63)	< 0.001
GENDER
F	311 (51)	73 (42)	232 (55)	0.005	185 (53)	126 (48)	0.223
M	298 (49)	101 (58)	192 (45)	0.005	163 (47)	135 (52)	0.223
HIV STATUS at initiation of therapy
positive	45 (7)	13 (8)	31 (7)	0.946	27 (8)	18 (7)	0.687
negative	564 (93)	161 (92)	393 (93)	0.946	321 (92)	243 (93)	0.687
IPT
yes	211 (35)	119 (78)	83 (20)	< 0.001	206 (59)	5 (2)	< 0.001
no	398 (65)	55 (22)	341 (80)	< 0.001	142 (41)	256 (98)	< 0.001
SURVIVAL at end of study period
died	94 (15)	16 (9)	78 (18)	0.005	39 (11)	55 (21)	0.001
alive	515 (85)	158 (91)	346 (82)	0.005	309 (89)	206 (79)	0.001
TB INCIDENCE after initiation of biologic therapy
TB	37 (6)	16 (9)	19 (4)	0.026	29 (8)	8 (3)	0.007
no TB	572 (94)	158 (91)	405 (96)	0.026	319 (92)	253 (97)	0.007

^apatients receiving both TNF-α and non-TNF-α inhibitors (n = 11) were excluded
^bp value compares TNF-α to non-TNF-α only (n = 598) using a Mann-Whitney test for age in years and Chi-Square tests for categorical variables
TNF-α tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors, non-TNF-α non-tumour necrosis factor- alpha inhibitors, IMID immune mediated inflammatory disease, HM haematologic malignancy, IPT isoniazid preventative therapy

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