Table 1 Clinical characteristics of cases of aortic aneurysm infected with Helicobacter cinaedi
No | Case reference | Age (years) | Sex | Published year | Underlying diseases | Chief complaint | Site of infection | Management | Antimicrobial used | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | R. Kakuta | 64 | Male | 2014 | Hypertension | Fever, back pain | Infrarenal abdominal, L common iliac, R internal iliac, and L femoral artery | In situ grafting | Sulbactam/ampicillin 3 g/day and minocycline 100 mg/day for 25 days followed by oral amoxicillin 1500 mg/day and minocycline 200 mg/day | Complete symptom resolution |
2 | R. Kakuta | 59 | Male | 2014 | None | Fever, abdominal pain | Infrarenal abdominal aorta | In situ grafting | Piperacillin/tazobactam 4.5 g/day for 28 days followed by oral amoxicillin 1500 mg/day and minocycline 200 mg/day until follow-up visit | Complete symptom resolution |
3 | R. Kakuta | 62 | Male | 2014 | History of myocardial infarction | Low back pain | Infrarenal abdominal aorta | In situ grafting | Doripenem, 1.5 g/day for 28 days followed by oral amoxicillin 1500 mg/day and minocycline 200 mg/d, until follow-up visit | Complete symptom resolution |
4 | K. Niimi | 60 | Female | 2014 | Rheumatic arthritis on prednisolone, end-stage kidney disease on hemodialysis, MDR-TB | Fever, left inguinal pain | L femoral artery | Resection of the aneurysm and debridement | Ceftazidime 1 g/day for 5 days followed by imipenem-cilastatin 500 mg/day for 10 days, ampicillin/sulbactam 3 g/day for 2 weeks, and oral ampicillin/sulbactam for 1 month | Complete symptom resolution |
5 | T. Seto | 39 | Male | 2014 | None | Fever, chest pain | Right coronary artery (pericoronary pseudotumor) | Conservative | Ceftriaxone for 2 weeks | Complete symptom resolution |
6 | S. Unosawa | 79 | Male | 2015 | Hypertension | Back pain, left lower quadrant pain | Infrarenal abdominal aorta | In situ grafting with an omental wrapping | Ceftriaxone 2 g/day and gentamicin 120 mg/day, followed by sultamicillin 1250 mg/day | Complete symptom resolution |
7 | K. Nishida | 64 | Male | 2015 | None | Low back pain | Infrarenal abdominal aorta, L common iliac artery | In situ grafting | Meropenem and vancomycin for 8 weeks | Complete symptom resolution |
8 | M. Akiyama | 49 | Female | 2016 | History of myocardial infarction | Fever, back pain | Abdominal aorta, bilateral common iliac artery | In situ grafting with an omental wrapping | Piperacillin/tazobactam followed by oral amoxicillin, 1500 mg/day, and minocycline 200 mg/day for 3 months | Complete symptom resolution |
9 | J. Inagaki | 80 | Male | 2017 | None | Fatigue | Infrarenal abdominal aorta, bilateral common iliac artery | Extra-anatomical bypass | Meropenem and levofloxacin (dose not available) for 6 weeks followed by minocycline and rifampicin for more than 18 months | Complete symptom resolution with continued antimicrobials |
10 | K. Kushimoto | 68 | Male | 2017 | Hypertension, hyperuricemia | Fever, chest and back pain | Distal aortic arch, thoracic aorta | In situ grafting with an omental wrapping | Levofloxacin 250 mg/day for 19 days followed by minocycline 200 mg/day | Complete symptom resolution with continued antimicrobials |
11 | Y. Kanno | 73 | Male | 2018 | History of abdominal aortic aneurysm, colon polyp | Back pain | Abdominal aorta | Conservative first, followed by in situ grafting 3 months later | Meropenem 3 g/day and vancomycin 1 g/day for 7 days followed by levofloxacin 500 mg/day for 5 days, and oral sultamicillin 1200 mg/day for 3 months (relapsed) ampicillin/sulbactam 6 g/day for 12 days followed by oral sultamicillin 1200 mg/day (duration not available) | Complete symptom resolution |
12 | Y. Kanno | 72 | Male | 2018 | None | Fever | Thoracic aorta | In situ grafting | Meropenem 3 g/day and vancomycin 1 g/day followed by ampicillin/sulbactam 6 g/day | Deceased (fungal infection) |
13 | S. Nakao | 65 | Male | 2018 | None | Fever and right neck pain | R common carotid artery | Conservative | (1st) Meropenem 6 g/day followed by ceftriaxone 4 g/day for 2 weeks and oral minocycline 200 mg/day for 2 weeks (2nd) Ceftriaxone 4 g/day for 2 weeks followed by oral ampicillin 1.5 g/day and doxycycline 400 mg/day for 6 weeks | Complete symptom resolution |
14 | T. Matsuo | 77 | Male | 2020 | Hypertension | Fever and left chest pain | Aortic arch and bilateral common iliac artery | In situ grafting | Meropenem followed by faropenem 1200 mg/day for 1 year | Complete symptom resolution |
15 | T. Matsuo | 85 | Female | 2020 | Polymyalgia rheumatica and hypertension | Epigastric pain | Descending aorta | Intravascular stent | Meropenem followed by faropenem 1200 mg/day | Complete symptom resolution with continued antimicrobials |
16 | T. Matsuo | 72 | Male | 2020 | Hypertension and benign prostate hypertrophy | Fever and lower abdominal pain | Bilateral common iliac artery | In situ grafting | Meropenem followed by faropenem 1200 mg/day for 3 years | Complete symptom resolution |