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Table 1 Characteristics of the study population

From: Novel risk scoring system for predicting acute respiratory distress syndrome among hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China

 

Total, (n = 154)

ARDS, (n = 37)

Non-ARDS, (n = 117)

P value

Demographics and clinical characteristics

Age (years)

57.5 (45–70)

69 (62–74)

54 (41–65)

< 0.001***

Gender, n (%)

Male

83 (53.90%)

26 (70.27%)

57 (48.72%)

0.022*

Female

71 (46.10%)

11 (29.73%)

60 (51.28%)

 

Smoking habits, n (%)

13 (13.64%)

9 (24.32%)

12 (10.26%)

0.030*

Weight (kg)

65.0 (55.0–75.0)

63.5 (55.0–73.0)

65.0 (55.5–82.0)

0.511

Fever, n (%)

138 (89.61%)

34 (91.89%)

104 (88.89%)

0.832

Cough, n (%)

102 (66.23%)

21 (56.76%)

81 (69.23%)

0.162

Diarrhea, n (%)

17 (11.04%)

4 (10.81%)

13 (11.11%)

0.959

Fatigue, n (%)

109 (70.78%)

28 (75.68%)

81 (69.23%)

0.452

Dyspnea, n (%)

62 (40.26%)

14 (37.84%)

48 (41.03%)

0.730

Time from symptoms onset to hospitalization, d

10 (6–13)

8 (6–11)

10 (6–15)

0.059

Comorbidity, n (%)

68 (44.16%)

27 (72.97%)

41 (35.04%)

< 0.001***

Hypertension, n (%)

43 (27.92%)

16 (43.24%)

27 (23.08%)

0.017*

Diabetes, n (%)

28 (18.18%)

13 (35.14%)

15 (12.82%)

0.002**

CHD, n (%)

14 (9.09%)

6 (16.22%)

8 (6.84%)

0.161

Malignancy, n (%)

6 (3.09%)

4 (10.81%)

2 (1.71%)

0.045*

Laboratory findings

White blood cell (×109/L)

4.845 (3.71–6.52)

6.50 (4.79–10.26)

4.64 (3.50–6.00)

< 0.001***

Lymphocyte (×109/L)

0.975 (0.67–1.38)

0.53 (0.40–1.07)

1.03 (0.78–1.52)

< 0.001***

Hemoglobin(g/L)

126 (115–137)

129 (119–144)

126 (114–137)

0.136

ALT (U/L)

33.5 (19–54)

44 (31–65)

28 (18–48)

0.002**

AST (U/L)

34 (25–47)

48 (37–79)

30 (23–41)

< 0.001***

LDH (U/L)

262 (198–353)

415 (307–594)

233.5 (185–291.5)

< 0.001***

Albumin (g/L)

32.35 (28.9–35.80)

29.4 (26.5–33.0)

33.7 (29.9–36.5)

< 0.001***

Creatinine (μmol/L)

69.4 (58.4–83.6)

74.5 (65.5–103.6)

66.9 (56.3–78.7)

0.004**

Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L)

4.25 (3.30–5.91)

5.91 (4.50–10.90)

4.00 (3.13–4.93)

< 0.001***

CK-MB (ng/mL)

0.6 (0.4–1.1)

1.05 (0.8–2.4)

0.5 (0.3–0.9)

< 0.001***

Troponin I (ng/L)

5.0 (2.3–11.9)

14.15 (8.0–39.6)

3.65 (1.9–8.6)

< 0.001***

Prothrombin time (s)

13.4 (12.8–14.2)

13.9 (13.1–14.7)

13.3 (12.75–14.1)

0.033*

D-Dimer (μg/ml)

0.50 (0.31–1.58)

1.88 (0.62–8.00)

0.465 (0.24–0.945)

< 0.001***

C-Reactive protein (mg/L)

23.395 (4.675–59.565)

61.69 (41.63–104.38)

9.58 (2.71–37.20)

< 0.001***

ESR (mm/h)

48.5 (29–73)

64.0 (38.5–73.5)

45.5 (25–70.5)

0.046*

Procalcitonin (ng/ml)

0.09 (0.05–0.21)

0.26 (0.14–0.63)

0.07 (0.04–0.12)

< 0.001***

Ferritin (ng/ml)

509.32 (226.86–937.73)

1305.325 (664.355–2000.00)

416.72 (190.165–692.415)

< 0.001***

Imaging features

Consolidation, n (%)

48 (31.17%)

9 (24.32%)

39 (33.33%)

0.302

Bilateral infiltration, n (%)

144 (93.51%)

34 (91.89%)

110 (94.02%)

0.941

Outcome

Death

16 (10.39%)

15 (40.54%)

1 (0.85%)

< 0.001***

  1. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to detect differences of continuous variables between ARDS and non-ARDS group. Chi-squared tests or Fisher’s exact tests were used to detect difference of categorical variables between ARDS and non-ARDS group
  2. *p-value< 0.05
  3. **p-value< 0.01
  4. ***p-value< 0.001