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Table 1 Social-demographic and status of mothers and children in two areas of China, 2004–2018 (N = 899)

From: Preventing mother to child transmission of HIV: lessons learned from China

 

Total number

HIV-infected

MTCT rate

χ2

P

(n = 899)

(n = 59)

(%)(95%CI)

  

Maternal age (years)

   

0.164

0.686

  ≤ 27

480

33

6.9 (4.7–9.2)

  

  > 27

419

26

6.3 (4.0–8.6)

  

Areas

   

0.358

0.549

 Hubei

469

33

7.1 (4.8–9.4)

  

 Yining

430

26

6.1 (3.8–8.3)

  

Ethnicity

   

..

0.483

 Han

457

32

7.0 (4.7–9.3)

  

 Uygur

412

24

5.8 (3.6–8.1)

  

 Others

30

3

10.0 (2.1–26.4)

  

Route of infection

   

..

0.188

 Sex

857

54

6.3 (4.7–7.9)

  

 Othersa

42

5

11.9 (4.0–25.6)

  

HIV status of sexual partner

   

..

0.836

 Negative

466

29

6.2 (4.0–8.4)

  

 Positive

362

26

7.2 (4.5–9.8)

  

 Unknown

71

4

5.6 (0.3–11.0)

  

Multipara or not

   

0.068

0.793

 Yes

365

23

6.3 (3.8,8.8)

  

 No

534

36

6.7 (4.6,8.9)

  

ARVs for pregnant women

   

62.442

< 0.001

 Yes

666

18

2.7 (1.5–3.9)

  

 No

233

41

17.6 (12.7–22.5)

  

Regimens of ARVs for mothers

   

69.053

< 0.001

 Prenatal cART

333

1

0.3 (0.0–1.7)

  

 AZT alone

81

3

3.7 (0.8–10.4)

  

 sdARVs

252

14

5.6 (2.7–8.4)

  

 No ARVs

233

41

17.6 (12.7–22.5)

  

Intrapartum CD4 count(/μL)

   

29.782

< 0.001

  ≥ 200

491

15

3.1 (1.5–4.6)

  

  < 200

78

14

17.9 (9.4–26.5)

  

 Unknown

330

30

9.1 (6.0–12.2)

  

Mode of delivery

   

2.468

0.116

 Cesarean section

544

30

5.5 (3.6–7.4)

  

 Vaginal delivery

355

29

8.2 (5.3–11.0)

  

Sex of infant

   

..

0.795

 Female

407

25

6.1 (3.8–8.5)

  

 Male

452

31

6.9 (4.5–9.2)

  

 Unknown

40

3

7.5 (1.6–20.3)

  

Birth weight

   

..

< 0.001

  ≥ 2500 g

772

41

5.3 (3.7–6.9)

  

  < 2500 g

55

11

20.0 (9.4–30.6)

  

 Unknown

72

7

9.7 (2.9–16.6)

  

IP

   

56.327

< 0.001

 Yes

720

25

3.5 (2.1–4.8)

  

 No

179

34

19.0 (13.3–24.7)

  

Breastfeeding

   

..

< 0.001

 Never

831

34

4.1 (2.7–5.0)

  

 Ever

68

25

36.8 (25.3–48.2)

  

Complex interventions

   

..

< 0.001

 Prenatal cART+IP + FF

331

1

0.3 (0.0–1.7)

  

 AZT alone+IP + FF

80

3

3.8 (0.8–10.5)

  

 sdARVs+IP + FF

247

14

5.7 (2.8–8.6)

  

 IP + FF

60

6

10.0 (2.4–17.6)

  

 Only FF

106

10

9.4 (3.9–15.0)

  

 Non-intervention

66

24

36.4 (24.8–48.0)

  

 Others

9

1

11.1 (0.3–48.0)

  
  1. aothers include 32 cases of blood route (paid plasma donation and blood transfusion), 9 cases of intravenous drug, and 1 case of MTCT
  2. .. no statistic value obtained by Fisher’s exact test