Table 5 Association of demographic, etiological and clinical factors with an unfavorable outcome in patients with CABM

Gender, male (%)

68/134 (50.8)

14/25 (56.0)

1.23 (0.52–2.92)

0.630

Age, 65+ (%)

14/134 (10.5)

10/25 (40.0)

5.71 (2.16–15.12)

< 0.001

 N. meningitidis

44/134 (32.8)

11/25 (44.0)

2.22 (0.83–5.94)

0.113

 S. pneumoniae

12/134 (9.0)

3/25 (12.0)

2.22 (0.51–9.56)

0.285

 L. monocytogenes

3 (2.2)

2 (8.0)

5.92 (0.86–40.87)

0.071

 Other

4 (3.0)

1/25 (4.0)

2.22 (0.22–22.35)

0.499

Meningitis of unknown origin (%)

71 (53.0)

8/25 (32.0)

Ref.

–

 No

90/134 (67.2)

8/25 (32.0)

Ref.

 CVD

27/134 (20.2)

10/25 (40.0)

4.17 (1.50–11.61)

0.006

 CD

2/134 (1.5)

0/25 (0.0)

1.0

–

 Other

15/134 (11.2)

7/25 (28.0)

5.25 (1.66–16.62)

0.005

The need of intensive care (%)

91/134 (67.9)

15/25 (60.0)

0.71 (0.29–1.71)

0.443

Headache (%)

117/134 (87.31)

17/25 (68.0)

0.31 (0.12–0.82)

0.019

Fever (%)

96/134 (71.6)

13/25 (52.0)

0.43 (0.18–1.02)

0.056

Nausea (%)

72/134 (53.7)

16/25 (64.0)

1.53 (0.63–3.71)

0.345

Vertigo (%)

36/134 (26.9)

7/25 (28.0)

1.06 (0.41–2.75)

0.907

Seizures (%)

4/134 (3.0)

2/25 (8.0)

2.83 (0.49–16.33)

0.246

Hemorrhagic rash (%)

59/134 (44.0)

8/25 (32.0)

0.60 (0.24–1.48)

0.267

Coexisting conditions: pneumonia (%)

14/134 (10.5)

13/25 (52.0)

9.29 (3.55–24.26)

< 0.001

nasopharingitis (%)

4/134 (3.0)

1/25 (4.0)

1.35 (0.15–12.65)

0.790

  < 150

30/134 (22.4)

13/25 (52.0)

3.65 (1.51–8.83)

0.004

 150–450

101/134 (75.4)

12/25 (48.0)

Ref.

–

  > 450

3/134 (2.2)

0/25 (0.0)

–

–

  < 10

33/134 (24.6)

7/25 (28.0)

Ref.

 10–20

53/134 (39.6)

12/25 (48.0)

1.07 (0.38–2.99)

0.901

  > 20

48/134 (35.8)

6/25 (24.0)

0.59 (0.18–1.91)

0.379

CRP – > 57 mg/l (%)

110/134 (82.1)

20/25 (83.3)

1.09 (0.34–3.48)

0.883

  < 3.9

1/126 (0.8)

1/23 (4.4)

6.58 (0.39–112.40)

0.193

 3.9–7.8

79/126 (62.7)

12/23 (52.2)

Ref.

–

 7.8–11.1

35/126 (27.8)

6/23 (26.1)

1.13 (0.39–3.25)

0.823

  > 11.1

11/126 (8.7)

4/23 (17.4)

2.39 (0.66–8.74)

0.187

  < 100

30/127 (23.6)

4/25 (16.0)

0.67 (0.20–2.24)

0.513

 100–999

25/127 (19.7)

8/25 (32.0)

1.60 (0.58–4.39)

0.361

 1000-10,000

60/127 (47.2)

12/25 (48.0)

Ref.

–

  > 10,000

12/127 (9.5)

1/25 (4.0)

0.42 (0.05–3.51)

0.421

CSF neutrophils – > 50% (%)

98/114 (86.0)

20/23 (87.0)

1.09 (0.29–4.09)

0.900

CSF protein – > 0.45 g/l (%)

100/112 (88.5)

22/22 (100.0)

NA

–

CSF glucose – > 2.48 mmol/l (%)

50/109 (45.9)

4/22 (18.2)

0.26 (0.08–0.83)

0.022