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Table 5 Multivariable prediction models derived from backward stepwise logistic regression on the four prediction subsets among 334 complete questionnaire respondents (model 1 through 4)

From: Signs and symptoms do not predict, but may help rule out acute Q fever in favour of other respiratory tract infections, and reduce antibiotics overuse in primary care

 

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

B

P

SE

OR

B

P

SE

OR

B

P

SE

OR

B

P

SE

OR

Variable

Sex

1.13

<0.001

0.33

3.09

0.66

0.04

0.32

1.94

0.56

0.08

0.32

1.75

0.91

0.01

0.32

2.48

Age 40–59 yrs

    

0.83

0.01

0.31

2.29

        

Age ≥60 yrs

−0.91

0.01

0.37

0.40

    

0.82

0.01

0.33

2.26

−0.57

0.10

0.34

0.57

Active smoking

    

0.77

0.03

0.35

2.16

−0.62

0.08

0.35

0.54

0.87

0.01

0.34

2.39

Fever

0.83

0.07

0.46

2.30

1.24

<0.001

0.38

3.45

1.56

<0.001

0.41

4.77

1.25

<0.001

0.38

3.48

Flu-like illness

0.98

0.02

0.41

2.66

            

Pneumonia

1.24

0.00

0.38

3.45

1.02

0.01

0.40

2.78

1.25

0.00

0.41

3.47

1.43

0.00

0.42

4.16

Confusion

0.99

0.06

0.53

2.68

            

Severe fatigue

0.59

0.10

0.36

1.81

            

Abdominal pain

−1.15

0.01

0.42

0.32

−0.76

0.05

0.38

0.47

−0.75

0.05

0.38

0.47

−0.88

0.02

0.37

0.42

Earache

−1.02

0.04

0.49

0.36

            

Chest pain

    

0.61

0.08

0.35

1.84

        

Cough

    

−0.63

0.05

0.32

0.53

−0.99

0.04

0.47

0.37

−0.86

0.01

0.33

0.42

Headache

        

1.14

0.04

0.56

3.12

0.64

0.06

0.35

1.90

Constant

−2.42

<0.001

0.56

n.a.

−2.15

<0.001

0.47

n.a.

−1.80

<0.001

0.46

n.a.

−1.55

<0.001

0.50

n.a.

χ2

  

71.00

   

52.00

   

65.00

   

67.00

 

df

  

9.00

   

8.00

   

8.00

   

8.00

 

P

  

<0.001

   

<0.001

   

<0.001

   

<0.001

 

Nagelkerke R2

  

0.37

   

0.28

   

0.34

   

0.33

 

Hosmer & Lemeshow

  

0.69

   

0.46

   

0.81

   

0.71

 

Classification accuracy

  

75.1%

   

71.8%

   

73.1%

   

73.1%