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Table 1 The baseline characteristics of patients in the deceased and survival groups

From: The impact of early neuraminidase inhibitor therapy on clinical outcomes in patients hospitalised with influenza A-related pneumonia: a multicenter, retrospective study

Variables

Total (n = 693)

Deceased group (n = 136)

Survival group (n = 557)

p-value

Male (n,)

461 (66.5)

92 (67.6)

369 (66.2)

0.757

Age (median, IQR, years)

61.0 (36.0–73.0)

61.5 (28.0–76.0)

59.0 (36.0–72.0)

0.963

BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 (n, %)a

48 (6.9)

0 (0.0)

48 (8.6)

< 0.001

Comorbidities (n, %)

 Hypertension

252 (36.4)

48 (35.3)

204 (36.6)

0.772

 Cardiovascular diseasea

136 (19.6)

48 (35.3)

88 (15.8)

< 0.001

 Diabetes mellitus

92 (13.3)

14 (10.3)

78 (14.0)

0.253

 Cerebrovascular disease

72 (10.4)

10 (7.4)

62 (11.1)

0.195

 COPDa

40 (5.8)

3 (2.2)

37 (6.6)

0.047

 Asthma

19 (2.7)

2 (1.5)

17 (3.1)

0.222

 Chronic kidney disease

16 (2.3)

6 (4.4)

10 (1.8)

0.133

 Malignant solid tumor

16 (2.3)

0 (0.0)

16 (2.9)

0.193

 Smoking historya

243 (35.1)

68 (50.0)

175 (31.4)

< 0.001

Clinical and radiologic characteristics (n, %)

 Respiratory rates ≥30 times/min

121 (17.5)

25 (18.4)

96 (17.2)

0.752

 Confusiona

32 (4.6)

32 (23.5)

0 (0.0)

< 0.001

 SBP < 90 mmHg

8 (1.2)

0 (0.0)

8 (1.4)

0.338

 Leukocytes > 10 × 109/L a

118 (17.0)

42 (30.9)

76 (13.6)

< 0.001

 Lymphocytes < 0.8 × 109/L a

299/677 (44.2)

120 (88.2)

179/541 (33.1)

< 0.001

 Hb < 100 g/La

69 (10.0)

34 (25.0)

35 (6.3)

< 0.001

 ALB < 35 g/L

58/639 (9.1)

12/131 (9.2)

46/508 (9.1)

0.970

 BUN > 7 mmol/La

183/685 (26.7)

97 (71.3)

86/549 (15.7)

< 0.001

 BG > 11 mmol/L

48 (6.9)

8 (5.9)

40 (7.2)

0.397

 Arterial pH < 7.35a

120/639 (18.8)

60/136 (44.1)

60/503 (11.9)

< 0.001

 pO2/FiO2 ≤ 250 mmHg a

172/639 (26.9)

28/136 (20.6)

144/503 (28.6)

0.061

 Pleural effusiona

120 (17.3)

36 (26.5)

84 (15.1)

< 0.001

Early NAI usea (n, %)a

232 (33.5)

60 (43.4)

172 (30.9)

0.003

Duration from illness onset to NAI use (days, median, IQR)a

3.0 (1.0–4.0)

2.5 (1.0–3.0)

3.0 (1.0–4.0)

0.004

Systemic corticosteroid use (n, %)a

132 (19.0)

60 (44.1)

72 (12.9)

< 0.001

Coinfection with other pathogens (n, %)a

265 (38.2)

84 (61.8)

181 (32.5)

< 0.001

  1. aVariables cited in the table above were the candidates which were entered into the multivariate logistic regression model. The bolded values are p-values < 0.05, which represent significant differences between survival group and deceased group. IQR Interquartile range, BMI Body mass index, COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, SBP Systolic blood pressure, Hb Hemoglobin, BG Blood glucose, ALB Albumin, BUN Blood urea nitrogen, pO2/FiO2 Arterial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspiration oxygen, NAIs Neuraminidase inhibitors; a: Neuraminidase inhibitor refers to any dose of oseltamivir, zanamivir or peramivir