Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the study participants at baseline
Variable | Total (n = 4906) | Control group (n = 1549) | Intervention group (n = 3357) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (Median, IQR) | 35 (30–43) | 37 (32–46) | 33 (29–40) | < 0.001 |
< 30 | 1181 (24.1) | 165 (10.7) | 1016 (30.3) |  |
30–49 | 3100 (63.2) | 1136 (73.3) | 1964 (58.5) |  |
50+ | 625 (12.7) | 248 (16.0) | 377 (11.2) | Â |
Gender |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Male | 4716 (96.1) | 1467 (94.7) | 3249 (96.8) |  |
 Female | 190 (8.3) | 82 (5.3) | 108 (3.2) |  |
Marital status |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Married | 3400 (69.3) | 937 (60.5) | 2463 (73.4) |  |
 Cohabitating | 1279 (26.1) | 525 (33.9) | 754 (22.5) |  |
 Single | 203 (4.1) | 77 (5.0) | 126 (3.8) |  |
 Separated/divorced | 24 (0.5) | 10 (0.6) | 14 (0.4) |  |
Route of transmission |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Blood transfusion | 75 (1.5) | 23 (1.5) | 52 (1.5) |  |
 Homosexual | 4289 (87.4) | 1282 (82.8) | 3007 (89.6) |  |
 Heterosexual | 329 (6.7) | 152 (9.8) | 177 (5.3) |  |
 Mother to child/other | 213 (4.3) | 92 (5.9) | 121 (3.6) |  |
WHO Clinical stage2 |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Stage I and Stage II | 4368 (89.0) | 1292 (83.4) | 3076 (91.6) |  |
 Stage III and Stage IV | 538 (11.0) | 192 (16.6) | 281 (8.4) |  |
CD4 cell counts (Median, IQR) | 300 (191–416) | 264 (163–351) | 322 (207–442) | < 0.001 |
  < 500 | 4229 (86.2) | 1432 (92.5) | 2797 (83.3) |  |
 500+ | 677 (13.8) | 117 (7.5) | 560 (16.7) |  |
Viral loads3(Mean ± SD) | 4.2 ± 0.83 | 4.2 ± 0.73 | 4.2 ± 0.86 | 0.030 |
ART Regimen | Â | Â | Â | 0.530 |
 EFV/LPV/r + 3TC + AZT/TDF | 4777 (97.4) | 1505 (97.2) | 3066 (97.5) |  |
 Other | 129 (2.6) | 44 (2.8) | 85 (2.5) |  |