From: Gastrointestinal symptoms in invasive pneumococcal disease: a cohort study
Univariate analysis | |||||
Variables | Hazard ratio | Std.err | p-value | 95% CI | |
Gastrointestinal symptoms | 1.53 | 0.41 | 0.116 | 0.90 | - 2.59 |
Age | 1.03 | 0.01 | < 0.001 | 1.02 | - 1.05 |
Being female | 0.60 | 0.15 | 0.046 | 0.36 | - 0.99 |
Cardiovascular disease | 1.62 | 0.41 | 0.061 | 0.98 | - 2.67 |
Diabetes | 1.68 | 0.64 | 0.169 | 0.80 | - 3.54 |
Pulmonary disease | 1.36 | 0.37 | 0.255 | 0.80 | - 2.33 |
Cancer | 1.73 | 0.50 | 0.061 | 0.98 | - 3.06 |
Alcohol | 1.53 | 0.53 | 0.222 | 0.77 | - 3.01 |
Smoking | 1.13 | 0.29 | 0.626 | 0.68 | - 1.88 |
Steroid | 1.74 | 0.63 | 0.126 | 0.86 | - 3.52 |
Antibiotics given immediately after blood culture was drawn | 0.49 | 0.25 | 0.170 | 0.18 | - 1.36 |
Multivariate analysis | |||||
Variables | Hazard ratio | Std.err | p-value | 95% CI | |
Gastrointestinal symptoms | 2.22 | 0.63 | 0.005 | 1.27 | - 3.89 |
Age | 1.05 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 1.03 | - 1.07 |
Being female | 0.52 | 0.14 | 0.016 | 0.31 | - 0.88 |
Cardiovascular disease | 1.03 | 0.30 | 0.905 | 0.59 | - 1.82 |
Diabetes | 1.56 | 0.62 | 0.259 | 0.72 | - 3.38 |
Pulmonary disease | 0.98 | 0.29 | 0.955 | 0.55 | - 1.76 |
Cancer | 1.58 | 0.50 | 0.142 | 0.86 | - 2.93 |
Alcohol | 1.89 | 0.72 | 0.098 | 0.89 | - 4.00 |
Smoking | 1.35 | 0.38 | 0.284 | 0.78 | - 2.33 |
Steroid | 1.58 | 0.59 | 0.226 | 0.75 | - 3.29 |
Antibiotics given immediately after blood culture was drawn | 0.62 | 0.34 | 0.381 | 0.22 | - 1.79 |