Gastrointestinal symptoms in invasive pneumococcal disease: a cohort study

BMC Infectious Diseases

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate survival analysis by Cox regression for 416 adult patients with invasive pneumococcal disease at admission to Aker University Hospital between 1993 and 2008

Univariate analysis
*Variables*	*Hazard ratio*	*Std.err*	*p-value*	*95% CI*
*Gastrointestinal symptoms*	1.53	0.41	0.116	0.90	- 2.59
*Age*	1.03	0.01	< 0.001	1.02	- 1.05
*Being female*	0.60	0.15	0.046	0.36	- 0.99
*Cardiovascular disease*	1.62	0.41	0.061	0.98	- 2.67
*Diabetes*	1.68	0.64	0.169	0.80	- 3.54
*Pulmonary disease*	1.36	0.37	0.255	0.80	- 2.33
*Cancer*	1.73	0.50	0.061	0.98	- 3.06
*Alcohol*	1.53	0.53	0.222	0.77	- 3.01
*Smoking*	1.13	0.29	0.626	0.68	- 1.88
*Steroid*	1.74	0.63	0.126	0.86	- 3.52
*Antibiotics given immediately after blood culture was drawn*	0.49	0.25	0.170	0.18	- 1.36
Multivariate analysis
*Variables*	*Hazard ratio*	*Std.err*	*p-value*	*95% CI*
*Gastrointestinal symptoms*	2.22	0.63	0.005	1.27	- 3.89
*Age*	1.05	0.01	0.000	1.03	- 1.07
*Being female*	0.52	0.14	0.016	0.31	- 0.88
*Cardiovascular disease*	1.03	0.30	0.905	0.59	- 1.82
*Diabetes*	1.56	0.62	0.259	0.72	- 3.38
*Pulmonary disease*	0.98	0.29	0.955	0.55	- 1.76
*Cancer*	1.58	0.50	0.142	0.86	- 2.93
*Alcohol*	1.89	0.72	0.098	0.89	- 4.00
*Smoking*	1.35	0.38	0.284	0.78	- 2.33
*Steroid*	1.58	0.59	0.226	0.75	- 3.29
*Antibiotics given immediately after blood culture was drawn*	0.62	0.34	0.381	0.22	- 1.79

ISSN: 1471-2334