Predictive value of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-10 for tuberculosis among recently exposed contacts in the United States and Canada

Reichler, Mary R.; Hirsch, Christina; Yuan, Yan; Khan, Awal; Dorman, Susan E.; Schluger, Neil; Sterling, Timothy R.

doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05185-2

Table 3 Median (IQR)^b TNF-α^b Responses to M. tuberculosis Culture Filtrate Protein in pg/ml By Clinical and Epidemiologic Characteristics and Outcome Group

From: Predictive value of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-10 for tuberculosis among recently exposed contacts in the United States and Canada

Characteristic^c	Contact Outcome Group			P-value	P-value
Characteristic^c	Co-prevalent TB^d (n = 41)	Incident TB^d (n = 19)	Not TB^d (n = 1212)	Co-prevalent TB vs. Not TB	Incident TB vs. Not TB
All	129 (28–1326)	257 (67–2011)	71(1–336)	0.007	0.037
Age (yrs)
0–14	72 (19–3964)	237 (237–237)	120(10–1026)	0.71	0.31
15–24	83 (28–1491)	549 (120–549)	77(12–744)	0.51	0.10
25–44	217 (107–815)	224 (16–548)	79(11–322)	0.08	0.41
45–64	96 (42–129)	1039 (0–2471)	39(0–189)^e	0.08	0.41
> = 65	NA	NA	52(0–247)^f	NA^a	NA^a
Sex
Male	129 (28–1325)	247 (44–1280)	77 (13–335)	0.02	0.13
Female	83 (21–217)	548 (67–2021)	61 (0–336)^f	0.07	0.08
Race/Ethnicity
Black	2042 (19–5053)	1124 (0–2471)	80 (4–606)	0.52	0.52
Non-black	96 (28–305)	257 (120–549)	60 (0–242)^e	0.006	0.003
Birthplace
US/Canada	96 (23–3300)	257 (16–2010)	57 (0–358)	0.09	.16
Other	132 (56–815)^f	334 (73–549)	94 (21–308)^e	0.21	0.41
BCG-	90 (10–1325)	393 (8–2446)	62 (1–358)	0.41	0.25
BCG+	132 (129–305)^e	257 (120–549)	79 (13–244)^f	0.01	0.06
HIV status^b
HIV negative	129 (28–784)	257 (67–549)	60 (0–295)	0.007	0.03
HIV unk	107 (37–3632)	4492 (237–8748)	80 (4–408)^e	1.00	0.16
Diabetes mellitus
Yes	NA^a	67 (0–257)^f	39 (0–192)	NA^a	0.56
No	129 (50–1326)	549 (97–2016)^f	73 (4–358)^f	0.004	0.04
Steroids^b
Yes	10 (0–21)	NA	89 (6–179)	0.15	NA
No	129 (80–1326)^f	257 (67–2011)	71 (1–358)	0.001	0.037
Smoking past 6 months
Yes	305 (96–1491)	403 (120–549)	57 (0–305)	0.01	0.03
No	129 (76–1055)	73 (67–2011)	77 (5–352)^f	0.01	0.65
Heavy alcohol^b
Yes	0 (0–83)	334 (68–4648)	77 (20–595)	0.57	0.31
No	129 (80–1325)^f	257 (67–2011)	68 (1–305)	0.002	0.07
IV drugs^b
Yes	135 (135–135)	191 (191–191)	37 (0–166)	0.32	0.32
No	129 (28–1326)	403 (67–2011)	71 (1–347)^f	0.006	0.06
Street drugs^b
Yes	135 (83–7330)	0 (0–191)	50 (4–234)	0.08	0.56
No	129 (28–1325)	549 (97–2016)^f	76 (1–361)^e	0.01	0.04

^aNA (not applicable) in place of a cytokine response designates that there were no specimens for testing; NA in place of a p-value designates that a comparison could not be made
^bCo-prevalent TB defined as TB diagnosis before or < 30 days after blood draw; Incident TB defined as TB diagnosis > 30 days after blood draw; TNF-α = Tumor necrosis factor alpha; Steroids = current steroid use; IV drug = current intravenous drug use; HIV=Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Heavy alcohol = current consumption of > 12 beers or > 1 bottle of wine or > 1 pint of hard liquor per week; Street drugs = current use of drugs other than intravenous acquired without a prescription; IQR = interquartile range, with 25 and 75% values displayed; TST = tuberculin skin test; TB = tuberculosis
^cAll risk variables were self-reported
^dThe number of contacts included varies slightly from the numbers presented in the heading for some characteristics because 14 contacts were missing TNF results, 38 contacts were missing IFN results, and 23 contacts were missing IL10 results
^eP < 0.05 compared with the referent (first) group within each variable; ^fP = 0.05–0.20 compared with the referent (first) group

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ISSN: 1471-2334

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