Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalised patients with pneumococcal disease
Characteristics | Pneumococcal disease (N = 496), N(%) |
|---|---|
Age, mean (years) ± SD | 69.1 ± 15.4 |
Age group | |
  < 65 years | 170 (34.3) |
 65-74 years | 125 (25.2) |
 75-84 years | 131 (26.4) |
  ≥ 85 years | 70 (14.1) |
Gender = male | 325 (65.5) |
Ethnicity | |
 Chinese | 359 (72.4) |
 Malay | 61 (12.3) |
 Indian | 39 (7.9) |
 Others | 37 (7.5) |
Nursing home residence | 4 (0.8) |
Vaccination status (received ≥ 14 days prior to admission) | |
 PCV13 | 6 (1.2) |
 PPSV23 | 78 (15.7) |
 Any pneumococcal vaccination | 80 (16.1) |
 Influenza vaccination in past 1 yr | 75 (15.1) |
Co-morbidities | |
 Charlson’s score, median (IQR) | 2 (1–4) |
 Charlson’s score > 3 | 137 (27.6) |
 Myocardial infarction/Congestive heart failure | 143 (28.8) |
 Cerebrovascular disease | 66 (13.3) |
 Dementia | 54 (10.9) |
 Chronic pulmonary disease | 149 (30.0) |
 Liver disease | 27 (5.4) |
 Diabetes mellitus | 147 (29.6) |
 Renal disease | 93 (18.8) |
 Any malignancy | 53 (10.7) |
 Hemiplegia | 18 (3.6) |
 Peripheral vascular disease | 22 (4.4) |
 Peptic ulcer disease | 17 (3.4) |
 Connective tissue disease | 8 (1.6) |
 AIDs | 3 (0.6) |
Primary diagnosis | |
 Pneumonia | 347 (70.0) |
 Sepsis | 63 (12.7) |
 Meningitis | 5 (1.0) |
 Other respiratory diseases | 73 (14.7) |
 Other diagnoses | 8 (1.6) |
Outcomes | |
 ICU admission | 54 (11.0) |
 Length of stay (days), median (IQR) | 8 (5–14) |
 Length of stay > 7 days | 275 (55.4) |
 In-hospital mortality | 70 (14.1) |
 30-day in-hospital mortality | 33 (6.7) |
Readmission for any pneumococcal infection | |
 Within 30 days from discharge date | 1 (0.2) |
 Anytime during study period | 6 (1.2) |