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Table 2 Oral health status of intervention and control groups

From: The effect of oral care intervention on pneumonia hospitalization, Staphylococcus aureus distribution, and salivary bacterial concentration in Taiwan nursing home residents: a pilot study

Oral health status

Intervention (N = 25)

Control (N = 16)

 

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

p-valueb

Plaque index (PI)

 Before

1.66 ± 0.78

1.54 ± 0.67

0.83

 After

0.94 ± 0.64

1.99 ± 0.52

<  0.01

 Difference

−0.73 ± 0.43

0.46 ± 0.40

 

p-valuea

<  0.01

0.03

 

Gingival index (GI)

 Before

2.36 ± 0.76

2.78 ± 0.44

0.14

 After

1.65 ± 0.83

2.94 ± 0.17

<  0.01

 Difference

−0.70 ± 0.66

0.17 ± 0.35

 

p-valuea

<  0.01

0.50

 

Tongue coating index (TCI)

 Before

0.96 ± 1.10

0.44 ± 0.96

0.07

 After

0.16 ± 0.47

1.13 ± 0.72

<  0.01

 Difference

−0.80 ± 0.87

0.69 ± 0.95

 

p-valuea

<  0.01

0.02

 
  1. aWilcoxon signed-rank test; bWilcoxon rank-sum test