Enterococcal periprosthetic joint infection: clinical and microbiological findings from an 8-year retrospective cohort study

Table 3 Microbiology of 75 patient with enterococcal PJI

Variable	All episodes (n = 75)	Monomicrobial (n = 37)	Polymicrobial (n = 38)	P value
Enterococcus spp.
E. faecalis	64 (85)	33 (89)	31 (82)	0.516
E. faecium^a	10 (13)	4 (11)	6 (16)	0.736
E. casseliflavus	1 (1)	-	1 (3)	1.000
Co-pathogens in mixed infections
Coagulase-negative staphylococci^b			20
Gram-negative bacilli^c			18
Anaerobes^d			5
Candida spp^e			4
Streptococcus spp^f			3
Staphylococcus aureus			2
Corynebacterium spp^g			2
Source of pathogen isolation
Synovial fluid	42/55 (76)	20/25 (80)	22/30 (73)	0.752
Periprosthetic tissue	52/67 (78)	24/33 (73)	28/34 (82)	0.392
Sonication fluid	33/45 (73)	15/22 (68)	18/23 (78)	0.514

Data are no. (%) of patients, unless otherwise indicated. Where the denominator is shown, data was not available for all patients
^aIncluding 2 vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE)
^bS. epidermidis (n = 14), S. capitis (n = 2), S. lugdunensis (n = 2), S. saccharolyticus (n = 1) and S. haemolyticus (n = 1)
^cKlebsiella spp. (n = 6), E. coli (n = 5), Proteus spp. (n = 5), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 4), Morganella spp. (n = 2), Serratia marcescens (n = 1), Enterobacter cloacae (n = 1), Acinetobacter spp. (n = 1)
^dFinegoldia magna (n = 3), Peptinophilus asaccharolyticus (n = 1), Peptostreptococcus micros (n = 1), Bacteroides fragilis (n = 1)
^eC. albicans (n = 4), C. parapsilosis (n = 1)
^fS. salivarius (n = 1), S. cristatus (n = 1), not further specified (n = 1)
^gC. striatum (n = 1), C. tuberculostearicum (n = 1)

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