Measuring the in-hospital costs of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia: methodology and results from a German teaching hospital

Table 2 Additional burden of hospital-acquired cases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia

	(1)	(2)	(3)
Additional costs (in €)	19,019.6^***	30,453.1^***	12,289.4^***
Additional costs (in €)	[12,944.3, 250,94.9]	[22,418.4, 38,487.8]	[5400.6, 19,178.2]
Additional reimbursement (in €)	16,599.9^***	29,401.4^***	7811.5^**
Additional reimbursement (in €)	[10,025.9, 23,173.8]	[22,536.2, 36,266.6]	[1694.5, 13,928.5]
Additional length of stay (in days)	9.141^***	18.75^***
Additional length of stay (in days)	[6.941, 11.34]	[16.20, 21.30]
Time-to exposure matching	yes	no	no
Adjusting for total length of stay	no	no	yes
N	555	584	584

95% confidence intervals in brackets, results of median regression
^* p < 0.1, ^** p < 0.05, ^*** p < 0.01
Results of multivariate quantile regressions including a case-control variable as well as CCI, sex, age, and age² as fixed effects. Column (1) shows the ‘correct’ model, whereas column (2) shows the effect of ignoring the time dependency of exposure. Column (3) shows the results of a regression controlling for overall length of stay instead of matching on the time of infection